A Case-control Study On The Influencing Factors Of Type2Diabetes Mellitus

ObjectiveThe present study was designed to investigate the influencing factors of type2diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among residents in the rural areas of Henan province, inorder to provide the scientific basis for the prevention and control strategies ofT2DM.MethodsThis is a community-based frequency matched case-control study. Acase-control family study of T2DM based on population was first conducted in therural population in Zhengzhou and Jiaozuo of Henan province from January to Mayin2013, then197subjects with T2DM (cases) and394healthy subjects (controls)were randomly selected according to their past disease histories and fasting plasmaglucose levels. The ratio of case to control was1:2. The age and sex were matchedbetween the two groups. Data were collected by questionnaire through face to faceinterview (general demographic data, lifestyle habits, family health history, pastmedical history), physical measurements (height, body weight, waist circumferences,WC; hip circumferences, upper arm circumferences, skin fold thickness, body fat,heart rate and blood pressure), and laboratory measurements (Fasting plasmaglucose, FPG; High density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C; Low densitylipoprotein cholesterol, LDL; Triglycerol, TG; Total cholesterol,TC; Aspertateaminotransferase, AST). Univariate Logistic regression, multivariate Logisticregressions were used to analyze the influencing factors of T2DM with statisticalsoftware package of SAS9.1. The significant level was set as α=0.05.Results1. The t test of two independent-samples showed that the followinganthropometric and biochemical indexes of the T2DM group were higher than thecontrol group, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05): body weight, body mass index (BMI), WC, hip circumstance, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat, systolicblood pressure (SBP), pulse pressure(PP), heart rate, daily sitting duration, dailysleeping time, FPG, LDL-C, TG; the other indexes of the T2DM group were lowerthan that of the control group(P＜0.05): metabolic equivalent (MET) weekly, percapita annual income, HDL-C and AST.2. Results from univariate analysis showed that the following factors werepositively associated with the incidence of T2DM: family history of DM,hypertension, history of stroke, Hypertriglyceridemia, plasma low high-densitylipoprotein cholesterol, physical activity, per capita annual income, obesity, andcentral obesity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the followingfactors were associated with the increased risk of T2DM: waist (OR=1.048,95%CI=1.025~1.071), heart rate (OR=1.040,95%CI=1.018~1.062),Hypertriglyceridemia (OR=2.296,95%CI=1.441~3.658), family history of DM(OR=2.882,95%CI=1.829~4.540), daily sitting duration (OR=1.113,95%CI=1.031~1.201), hypertension (OR=1.881,95%CI=1.112~3.183), pulse pressure (OR=1.049,95%CI=1.022~1.076); while AST (OR=0.980,95%CI=0.963~0.998), per capitaannual income (OR=0.624,95%CI=0.453~0.858) and SBP (OR=0.965,95%CI=0.941~0.989) were negatively associated with the incidence of T2DM.Conclusions1. Per capita annual income is the independent protective factor for T2DM inthe rural areas in Henan province. Family history of T2DM, WC, heart rate, highblood TG syndrome, daily sitting time, hypertension, pulse pressure are theindependent risk factors of T2DM.2. Health education with the main content of exercise and maintaining a healthyweight and waist circumference should be carried out to promote the villagers todevelop a healthy lifestyle in order to reduce the occurrence of T2DM.