Investigation On Occupational Health Of Two Refractory Enterprises In Zhengzhou

Objective: To investigate the presence occupational health situation of the tworefractory plants with different production process in Zhengzhou. Compare the basicsituation between the two plants, in aspects of the number of employees, productiontechnology, product variety, raw and auxiliary materials, production equipment, etc.Through doing statistical analysis of the workers’ exposure levels of occupationalhazard factors and the occupational health examination of workers to identify thecharacteristics of the main occupational hazard factors, find the health difference ofthe workers between the two enterprises, formulate the corresponding protectivemeasures against occupational hazards, and provide some reference to protectworkers’ occupational health.Method：Investigate and arrange the number of workers, production process, productvariety, raw and auxiliary materials, production equipment, and workers healthexamination results of the enterprises with different production process. To conducton-site sampling and laboratory testing, according to “Specification of Air Samplingfor Hazardous Substances Monitoring in the Workplace”(GBZ159-2007). Excelsoftware was used to establish the database. SPSS12.0statistics software packagewas used to do statistic analysis, with significant level α=0.05.Results：1. The two enterprises are both private enterprises. A has545employees, thenumber of employees clearly exposed to occupational hazards is379(69.54%), thenumber of male and female workers are respectively299（78.9%） and80（21.1%）.B has439employees, the number of employees clearly exposed to occupationalhazards is301(68.6%), the number of male and female workers are respectively251（83.4%） and50（16.6%）.2. Their production technology and product category are different. Sintering isused by A in the productive process and the main products are magnesia-carbon brick,alumina-magnesite carbon brick and so on. Fused oxidation is accepted by B in theproductive process and the main products are33#,36#, and41#zirconium corundumbrick. Besides, A used the automatic batching system, while B used the way of artificial ingredients.3. They all have set up occupational health protective facilities, issued personalprotective equipments (PPE) for workers, established occupational healthmanagement institution, and formulated the relevant systems. But there are someproblems, such as invalid use of protective facilities, inadequate personal protectiveequipment, incomplete system, etc. A has done occupational-disease-inductivedeclaration, while B has not.4. The main occupational hazards of A are silica dust, alumina dust, coal dust,noise, CO, manganese, etc. While B has silica dust, alumina dust, noise,formaldehyde, phenol, zirconium oxide, etc. There is statistically significantdifference between A (38.89%) and B (0%) about the qualified rate of dust (χ2=0.059,P=0.036). There is no statistically significant difference between A (33.33%) and B(37.50%) about the qualified rate of noise (χ2=1.000, P=0.587). The detection resultsof other occupational hazard factors on these two companies do not exceed thenational limits, besides the content of manganese (0.282mg/m3) is overweight.5. The occupational health examination rates are respectively82.32%(A) and89.36%(B). According to the results of the physical examination, there are nostatistically significant differences between A and B about the detection rate of allinspection items such as high blood pressure, myocardial disease or arrhythmia,hepatic transaminase on the high side, urinary system, abnormal blood routine, lunginflammation, etc.Conclusions： Their production process and products are both different, and theiroccupational health statuses are both poor. There are various occupational hazards inthis industry. These brought health hazard to workers. The main occupational hazardsare dust, noise, carbon monoxide, etc. The type and intensity of the occupationalhazard factors are also different. B should improve their automation. The constructionof occupational health management system should be strengthen to improverefractory workplaces occupational health and protect the health of workers.