Renoprotect Effect Of Spirulina On Adriamycin-induced Glomerulosclerosis In Rats

Objectives: Chronic renal disese is a worldwide public health problem[1]. The most common pathologic pathway of various glomerular disease is progressive glomerulosclerosis. How to prevent glomerulosclerosis or delay the progress has become the hot point of research nowadays. Spirulina(SP) is a type of marine traditional Chinese drug with effect of renoprotection. The aim of our study is to investigate the effect and related mechanism of SP on adriamycin–induced glomerulosclerosis in rats.Methods: 1、SD rats(n=32),weighing 270±20g, were randomly divided into four groups: S group、M group、B group、SP group. Rats models of glomerulosclerosis were made by adriamycin. Group B and group SP were respectively benazapril 4 mg·kg–1 or SP 1.5g kg-1 by gavage for 8 weeks, meanwhile group S and group M were given normal saline of the same quantity. 2、Detection indices:24h Urinary protein、Scr、BUN、serum albumin were detected by Biochemical test; kidney pathology、glomerulosclerosis index(GSI) were detected by Pathology test; expression of FN、Col Ⅳ and TGF-β1 of renal cortex were detected by Immunohistochemical technique; m RNA level of TGF-β1 and PAI-1 in renal cortex were detected by RT-PCR.Results: 1、24-hour urinary protein:24-hour urinary protein of rats in SP group were significantly reduced(P<0.01) compared with M group; SP group、B group and M group were higher than that of S group. There were significant differences among these groups(P<0.01). 2、Scr, BUN and serum albumin:Scr and BUN levels in SP group、B group and M group were significantly higher than that of S group(P<0.01); Scr and BUN levels of SP group 、B group were significantly reduced(P<0.01)compared with M group; serum albumin of SP group、B group and M group were significantly reduced(P <0.01) compared with S group. 3、Kidney pathology:There were 16% glomeruluses in M group had segmental glomerulosclerosis and 4% glomeruluses had glomerulosclerosis; there were 9% glomeruluses in SP group have segmental glomerulosclerosis and 2% glomeruluses had glomerulosclerosis. Pathologic changes of B group are just like SP group. 4、GSI:Degree of GSI in SP group、B group and M group were significantly reduced(P<0.05) compared with S group. Degree of GSI in SP group、B group were significantly reduced(P <0.01)compared with M group. 5、Expression of FN、Col Ⅳ、TGF-β1: Expressions of FN、Col Ⅳ、TGF-β1 in kidney of SP group、B group and M group were significantly increase d(P <0.01) compared with S group. Expressions of SP group and B group were significantly reduced(P <0.01) compared with M group. 6 、 m RNA level of TGF-β1 and PAI-1: Results of RT-PCR showed SP significantly decreased m RNA level of TGF-β1 and PAI-1(P <0.01)in renal cortex.Conclusion: 1 、 SP can reduced 24-hour urinary protein excretion 、 BUN and Scr in driamycin–induced glomerulosclerosis rats. 2 、 SP can ameliorate the pathological changes of renal tissue in driamycin–induced glomerulosclerosis rats. 3、SP play a protection role on kidney of adriamycin–induced glomeulosclerosis rats partly through decreasing the expression of TGF-β1, inhibiting the synthesis of Col and FN, and decreasing m RⅣNA level of TGF-β1 and PAI-1 in kindey.