The Relationship Between Heart Rates And Pulse Wave Velocity

Objective: The pulse wave velocity is an index which can reflect the degree of the arteriosclerosis. And atherosclerosis associate with cardiovascular disease closely, so the PWV can be as a predictive factor of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. PWV is used for early detection of atherosclerosis, so that we can evaluate the risk of death in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. PWV value reflected the different degree of atherosclerosis, which means the higher PWV the worse atherosclerosis and the lower PWV the better atherosclerosis. In addition by comparing the PWV values that had recorded before and after using drugs, the curative effect can be judged, so as to guide the clinical rational drug use, and provide the basis for the development of new drugs, contribute to the screening of new drugs and clinical observation of new drugs.To our knowledge, there are many factors that influence the measured value of PWV, including age, gender, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipid, obesity, measurement technique and so on. And the one suffered from hypertension, diabetes or hypercholesterolemia will be detected a higher PWV rather than their peers. Is there any relationship between heart rate and PWV?If the answer is positive, which kinds of relationship it would be. Therefore our study was aimed at figuring out the relationship between heart rate and PWV, then providing more reliable basis for its application in clinical practice.Method: The study was carried out in the second hospital of Hebei Medical University from November 2013 to December 2014, in the hospital medical center for PWV examination in 598 cases of subjects’ data, and in the cardiovascular department of internal medicine in our hospital in patients undergoing artificial permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation were 35 cases.The subjects was recorded a ba-PWV value with their own natural heart rate.And all patients with pacemaker were pacemaker dependent, by adjusting the pacemaker of heart rate, setting different parameters. The range of heart rate was 50 beats per minute to 120 beats per minute, and we recorded the determination of the corresponding ba-PWV value. Later in the same individual compared the ba-PWV values of different heart rate.Being based on collecting data, create the data, statistical analysis was performed using SPSS17.0 statistical software. Continuous variables had a normality test. Measurement date showed a normal distribution was expressed as the mean±standard deviation(SD). Measurement date showed a skewed distribution was expressed as the median(M) and four quartile range(QR).Each group of data should have a test of normality and homogeneity first. If the conditions were matched, comparison between the two groups using t test,otherwise used rank sum test. Categorical variables expressed as frequency(%), comparison between two groups using Chi-square test. Logistic regression analysis, multiple liner regression analysis, bivariate correlation analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Bivariate linear correlation analysis was used for the subjects’ data, with the ba-PWV as the dependent variable and the heart rate as independent variables, and the result was that heart rate was positively correlated with ba-PWV(r=0.152, P=0.000). Then based on the gender, age, blood pressure, blood cholesterol, blood glucose, BMI as stratification factors, the subjects’ data was divided to different parts. Using bivariate linear correlation analysis in each part, and the results were as follows: ①heart rate was positively correlated with ba-PWV only in male. However, there was no obvious correlation between ba-PWV and heart rates; ②heart rate and ba-PWV were all positively correlated in each group(≤45 years old group, r=0.244, P=0.000; 46-64 years old group, r=0.300,P=0.000; ≥65 years old group, r=0.283, P=0.031); ③heart rate was positively correlated with ba-PWV only in normal group(r=0.167, P=0.000);④heart rate was positively correlated with ba-PWV only in normal group(r=0.146, P=0.001); ⑤heart rate was positively correlated with ba-PWV in both groups(r=0.105, P=0.013; r=0.370, P=0.015); ⑥heart rates and ba-PWV were positively correlated only in the hypertension group(r=0.195,P=0.007).Logistic regression analysis was used for the subjects’ data, with ba-PWV as the dependent variable, age, gender, heart rate, blood pressure, blood fat,blood glucose, BMI as the independent variable. And the data was divided to different parts by using gender, age, blood pressure, blood fat, blood glucose, BMI respectively as stratification factors, the results was only in the46-64 years old group, the heart rate was a risk factor for ba-PWV, the OR value was 1.040(95%CI 1.010-1.070). In addition, the others had no statistical significance.Multiple linear regression analysis was used for the subjects’ data, with ba-PWV as the dependent variable, age, gender, heart rate, blood pressure, blood fat, blood glucose, BMI as the independent variable. The result was that the heart rate was positively correlated with ba-PWV. The partial regression coefficient was 2.216 and the standard regression was 0.081.Setting different heart rates and recorded the corresponding ba-PWV values in the 35 cases of patients with pacemaker. With the ba-PWV as the dependent variable and the heart rate as independent variables, used bivariate linear correlation analysis for statistical analysis. The results was that heart rate was positively correlated with ba-PWV in 27 cases of the whole patients(r= 0.945±0.045, rmax=0.996, rmin=0.827, P<0.05). The others, 8cases, didn’t show obvious linear correlation between ba-PWV and heart rates(P>0.05).Conclusions: Heart rate can affect the PWV value. There is a positive correlation between heart rates and ba-PWV.