Contrast Study On Macular Regions In Patients With Or Without Diabetes Before And After Cataract Surgery By Optical Coherence Tomography

Objective:To make contrast study about the changes in foveal retinal thickness( FRT) between diabetes or without diabetes who were observed before and after the surgery by optical coherence tomography(OCT), and to analyze the correlation with the best corrected visual acuity.Methods:From March 2014 to October 2014, 153 patients(153 eyes) who undergoes phacoemulsification combined with foldable intraocular lens implantation in the Second Hospital Affiliated to University of South China were selected, some of the patients have diabetes while the others don’t. The two groups are: group A: 63 patients(63 eyes) have diabetes; group B: 90 patients(90 eyes) without having diabetes. The t tests or rank test are performed to foveal retinal thickness obtained each time in each group and P <0.05 which indicate that there exist significant statistical difference; linear correlation analysis is performed to the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA) and the foveal retinal thickness, and P <0.05 also indicate that there is significant statistical difference in mutual relation between the two was analyzed.Results:As for the central macular thickness, there is no significant statistical difference between group A and group B before the operation(P>0.05, but with significant statistical difference after the 7d and 1m surgery(P<0.05; there are significant statistical differences between FRT in group A after 7d and 1m surgery and that in group A before the surgery(P<0.05); there is no significant statistical difference between FRT in group B after the 7d and 1m surgery and that in group B before the surgery(P>0.05); after the operation, there are significant varies of FRT in patients with diabetes and(or) maculopathy before the surgery which causes significant statistical differences(P<0.05), there are significant statistical differences between patients with maculopathy and those without maculopathy in group A according to FRT before the surgery and after the 7d and 1m surgery(P<0.05); there is no significant statistical difference between patients with maculopathy in group A and those with maculopathy in group B in line with FRT before the surgery and after the 7d and 1m surgery(P>0.05); there are significant statistical differences between patients with maculopathy in group A and those without maculopathy in group B in the light of FRT before the surgery and after the 7d and 1m surgery(P<0.05); there are significant statistical differences between patients without maculopathy in group A and those with maculopathy in group B on the basis of FRT before the surgery and after the 7d and 1m surgery(P<0.05); there is no significant statistical difference between patients without maculopathy in group A and those without maculopathy in group B regarding FRT before surgery(P>0.05), but with significant statistical differences according to FRT after the 7d and 1m surgery(P<0.05); there are significant statistical differences between patients with maculopathy and those without maculopathy in group B regarding FRT before the surgery and after the 7d and 1m surgery(P<0.05). As for the visual correlation results, linear correlation analysis is respectively performed to the best corrected visual acuity after the 7d surgery, the best corrected visual acuity after the 1m surgery and the FRT; the best corrected visual acuity after the 7d and 1m surgery of all the patients in group A and patients with maculopathy before surgery in group B is negatively correlated to FRT(r=-0.675,-0.731,P<0.05); the best corrected visual acuity after the 7d and 1m surgery of all the patients in group B and patients without maculopathy in group B is not correlated to FRT(r=-0.167,0.108,P>0.05).Conclusions:1. The vibration of FRT after the surgery is obvious in cataract patients with 2-type diabetes; the vibration of FRT after the surgery is not obvious in cataract patients without diabetes.2. Macular drusen and hard exudates has no significant statistical in FRT after the surgery.3. The best corrected visual acuity of after surgery is negatively correlated to the foveal retinal thickness in the cataract patients with 2-type diabetes.4.The OCT exaimne have guiding significance for the estimation of visual after cataract surgery.