Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis In Macular Thickness Of Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Cataract After Phacoemulsification Surgery And Intraocular Lens Implantation

Objective: Observing changes of central macular thickness(CMT)in patients with type 2 diabetic cataract after phacoemulsification by OCT and analyzing the correlation between vision acuity and CMT after surgery.Methods: It is a prospective study.The diagnosed age-related cataract patients(totally 65)who were treated with phacoemulsification surgery and IOL implantation from January 2015 to January 2016 in the Subsidiary First Hospital were included in the study.According to the diabetic history,we set up two treatment groups.Group A,35 patients with simply age-related cataract;Group B,30 age-related cataract patients who suffer diabetes for less than ten years and without proliferative diabetic retinopathy;Age,gender,previous history,intraocular pressure(IOP),best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),central macular thickness(CMT)that detected by examination of visual acuity and optical coherence tomography(OCT)were collected.The changes of two groups’ BCVA and CMT were recorded during follow-up period.SPSS 19.0 is used to analysis two groups’ dates.Probability less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Result: Sixty-five patients were included in the study,25(25 eyes)from males and 40(40 eyes)from females.In groups A,compared with the baseline mean BCVA(Log MAR)(0.73±0.25),1w(0.19±0.14),1mo(0.17±0.13),3mo(0.15±0.11),6mo(0.13±0.09),after the cataract surgery were significantly improved(P1=0.044,P2=0.036,P3=0.021,P4=0.044);compared with the baseline mean CMT(235.77±28.18)μm,1w(240.01±29.89)μm,1mo(242.94±31.21)μm,3mo(241.11±30.37)μm,6mo(236.71±27.61)μm,after the cataract surgery were significantly improved(P1=0.75,P2=0.69,P3=0.74,P4=0.99);In groups B,compared with the baseline mean BCVA(Log MAR)(0.73±0.32),1w(0.27±0.15),1mo(0.31±0.18),3mo(0.31±0.20),6mo(0.22±0.18),after the cataract surgery were significantly improved(P1=0.01,P2=0.07,P3=0.05,P4=0.007);compared with the baseline mean CMT(235.50±31.55)μm,1w(243.40±36.49)μm,1mo(269.77±73.01)μm,3mo(277.77±85.45)μm,6mo(264.33±99.34)μm,after the cataract surgery were significantly improved(P1=0.82,P2=0.04,P3=0.02,P4=0.06);There were 20 patients with macular edema occurrence during 1mo to 3mo,while 19 patients tends to recover after 6mo.Only 1 patient with typical cystoid macular edema.Conclusion:1.The CMT of patients with type 2 diabetes tends to increase significantly compared with those who with simply age-related cataract after phacoemulsification,and tends to recover in the 6 month in those who suffer DM for less than ten years.2.There is a negative correlation between vision acuity and macular retinal thickness in the patients who suffer pathological retinal thickening of fovea centralis after surgery.3.OCT is a reliable methods for analyzing changes of the macular retinal thickness.