Quality Control Study Of Dry Ginger And Its Extracts’ Effect On Motion Sickness Index

As one of Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM), dry ginger had beenused thousands of years with folk foundation. One of strategic target ofTCM modernization was to provide TCM with the standard criterionaccepted by the international, only with the control of modern evaluationsystem, TCM quality had been constitute and consummate. The quality ofTCM could be evaluated by the chromatographic fingerprints, whichrepresented the compound groups of TCM substantial foundation ofpharmacodynamics. The chromatographic fingerprints could cater to thetheory of Chinese traditional medicines and characteristics of chemicalconstituents in TCM, thereby also reflected the quality of TCM in anall-around way and has been accepted by international societies. This paperestablished the dried ginger extraction optimizing trials and established thequality control methods with GC and HPLC. In addition, the relativeresearch of chromatographic fingerprints had been performed, and we alsostudied the extracts’ effect on Motion Sickness IndexI. GC chromatographic fingerprints of dry gingerFirstly，the pretreatment conditions of dry ginger were inspected, andthe optimized condition was ascertained by orthogonal design. In order toprovide experimental evidences for the quality control of dry ginger, weestablished dry ginger volatile oil’s characteristic chromatogram with GC.methods: Agilent HP-5capillary column (30m320mm,0.25m);injection port temperature was280C; detector temperature was300C;Temperature program as follows: the initial column temperature was55Cmaintained for2min, then5C·min-1up to60C maintained for10min,5 C·min-1up to120C maintained for10min, finally3C·min-1up to150C maintained for5min; the carrier gas was nitrogen and its flow rate was1.5mL·min-1; the inject volume was0.5L, splitless.Our results revealed that the extraction effect with50-fold water for4hours after immersion for2hours was thought to be the best. Secondly, theGC chromatographic fingerprints of dry ginger from eight different batcheswere established, the methodology was inspected, and thirteen commonpeaks were affirmed, precision, stability and repeatability met therequirements. The standard chromatographic fingerprint was establishedand the similarity was calculated. The similarity difference of purchasedginger from different batches were compared. The identification functionof chromatographic fingerprints was confirmed. Last, the similaritydifference of various columns and instruments were compared, theimportance of columns in chromatographic fingerprints acquisition wasnoticed.II. HPLC chromatographic fingerprints of dry gingerFirstly, the pretreatment conditions of dry ginger were inspected,considering the pharmacological experiments in the late part, we choseethanol as the solvent, and the extraction method was chosen from reflux,soxhlet, and ultrasonic. The optimized conditions of ultrasonic wereascertained by orthogonal design, The chromatography conditions werewith Agilent TC-C18column(4.6mm×250mm,5m); Mobile Phasewas acetonitrile-water．The UV detection wavelengths were at240nm and280nm, and the flow rate was1.0mL·min-1.Our results showed that the optimized effect was obtained byultrasonic extraction with30-fold75%ethnol for30minutes.6-gingerol indry ginger was determined by HPLC. The HPLC chromatographicfingerprints of dry ginger from ten different batches were established, themethodology was inspected and eleven common peaks were affirmed, thestandard chromatographic fingerprint was established and the similarity was calculated. With the inspection of similarity at different wavelengths,the similarity evaluation method that assembled the characteristicinformation of all common peaks at different wavelengths was broughtforward. The relative parameters of chromatogram were evaluated bychemometrics.240nm was thought to be the optimized detectionwavelengths through the discussion. Last, the similarity difference ofvarious columns and instruments was compared, the importance ofcolumns in chromatographic fingerprints acquisition was noticed.III. Quality control study of dry ginger liquid solutionAccording to the2010pharmacopeia, we chose the content ofwater-soluble extraction as one of the quality evaluation standards. Theoptimized conditions were ascertained by orthogonal design, and extractionwith15-fold water for2h was thought to be the best. Water solution as themost common methods of extracting effective ingredients from TraditionalChinese Medicine had folk foundation. This article could provide ascientific basis for dry ginger’s quality control.IV Effects of dry ginger powder and its extracts on Motion SicknessIndexMotion sickness could be caused by many different factors, and in thispart we adopted the uniform model and the triangle model to observe theeffect of different doses of dry ginger and its extracts on motion sickness.The uniform mode was relatively similar to motion sickness environment[28], and the triangle model was similar to seasickness environment[29,30].Then, Motion index was used to assess the results of the effect of differentdoses of dry ginger volatile oil, ethanol extract, water extract and dryginger powder on motion sickness, and determined dried ginger andextract’s anti-motion sickness effect.Dry ginger powder, its ethanol extract and volatile oil showed mostobvious anti-motion sickness effects. We combined literatures withexperimental results, and speculated the mechanism of active ingredients in order to provide directions for further in-depth study of the mechanisms ofthe resistance to motion sickness.