Pharmacognosy Resources Of Helvella In Northeast Region And Studies On The Chemical Constituents Of “Mu Er” Mushroom

The species diversity of Helvella L. were studied in this thesis, typical macroscopic and microscopic characteristic were described in detail,while the nutrients, chemical composition, and polysaccharides acute toxicity were studied from Helvella lacunosa.By studying specimens of wild collection and herbarium specimens, there were 7 species recorded and described, and the identification of molecular biology. Respectively Helvella lacunosa, Helvella crispa, Helvella elastica, Helvella atra, Helvella macropus, Helvella ephippioides, Helvella solitaria. Helvella lacunosa is one of the most frequently to collected and ingested edible fungi in Daxinganling region.Eleven compounds were isolated and purified from the dried fruiting bodies of Helvella lacunose by using a variety of methods of chromatography, and their structures were identified with spectral methods as ergosta-5,22-dien-3β-ol(1), estigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glicopiranosídeo(2), ergosterol(3), ergosterol peroxide(4), benzoicacid(5), 3,7-Dimethyl-n-octan-3α-ol-1-yl-benzoate(6), Adenosine(7), uracil(8), D-mannitol(9), Withaferin A(10), Dibutyl phthalate(11). All the compounds were first isolated from the mushroom. 2,3,5,6,7,1,11 were first isolated from Helvella L..Volatile components were analyzed and 21 compounds were identified.The relatively high content of the compounds were 2-butyl-2,7-octadiene-1-ol, nonyl aldehyde,6,10-Dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-one,6,10,14-trimethyl(E,E)-5,9,13-pentade cene-2-one, squalene, patchouli alcohol, 2-n-pentyl furan, β-Bourbonene.Helvella lacunose polysaccharides preliminary studied its antioxidant activity,and the conditions of extracting polysaccharides were optimized based on response surface mothod(RSM). The study found polysaccharides having antioxidant activity, and the optimum extraction polysaccharides were as follows:extraction temperature 67.10 ℃, extraction time 3.23 h and solid-liquid ratio 1:30(g / ml), 90% by volume of alcohol precipitation, the extraction rate of 4.54%. Polysaccharides content was 45.37mg/g.The acute toxicity tests of the water extraction component of Hevella lacunosa, death or adverse event occurred.The body weight increased with the dose increasing,and the amount of water and food intake had no significant changes. It showed that this experimental material can promote the growth of mice with no toxicity.