Study On Chemical Constituents And Antioxidant Activities Of Pepper Leaves

"la jiao ye" is the fresh or dry leaf of capsicum annuum L.(solanaceae),was used to relieving rigidity of muscles and activating collaterals,to reduce a swelling. Its fruit phytochemical composition is very complex,mainly including terpenoids, flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, steroids, phenylpropanoids and other compounds. As a rich prouduct resources,pepper leaves were not taken effctive use of with the lack of basic resourch.In order to clarify the bioactive basis of the plant, the analysis of inorganic elements, chemical constituents'extraction,seperation and identification, as well as antioxidant assays were investigated.Studies have found that the leaves of pepper were better than the fruits of pepper on the nurtrients.The inorganic elements in leaves of pepper from different provinces were determined by ICP-AES together with HNO3digestion.The results shows that the contents of calcium and iron in pepper's leaves in Gansu province is significantly higher than those in other province,and the highest content of Ca and Fe were40mg/g,849.9?g/g,respectively.Their contents in pepper leaves were higher than those in common vegetables,so the pepper leaves has the larger value of research and development as a plant resource of calcium and iron.During the phytochemical investigation, compounds were isolated from t he leaves of pepper by different means,such as column chromatography(CC) with different solid-phase including silica gel and sephadex LH-20.All the compounds were identified on the basic of NMR spectral data.These compo unds are (1) apigenin,(2)1-undecanol,(3)15-cis-octadecenoic acid,(4) ?-sitosterol,(5) Stigmasterol-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside,(6) Apigenin-7-O-?-D-glucopyranoside,(7) long-chain aliphatic acid,(8) ?-tocopherol,(9) ?-kojibiose,(10) palmitic acid,(11)(25,35,4R,10E)-2-[(2R)-2-hydroxytetra cosanoylamino]10-octadecene-1,3,4-triol. Compounds1,2,5,6,9and11we re first found in Capsicum.The antioxidant activity from different parts of pepper leaves in vitro were investigated by measuring their radical scavenging capacity of ABTS ([2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulphonic acid]diamonium salt) and DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ferric reducing ability. It was the first time to successfully enrich optimal components of antioxidant activity combined with solvent extraction and macroporous resin column chromatography. The30% ethanol parts of the n-Butanol extract from pepper leaves has the best antioxidant activity. The component's ridical scavenging capacity of ABTS and DPPH are siginificantly increased74%and51%than n-Butanol extract, and the corresponding IC50values are0.47and1.35mg/mL.This paper reviews the research progress of flavonoids in the Solanaceae family and their biological activity. As an important secondary metabolites, flavonoids in Solanaceae are mainly distributed in the Physalis genus, Datura genus and Solanum Petunia, Most of the aglycones are widespread flavonols and a variety of methyl and glycosylation substituted compounds with complex structure. More and more biological activity studies of flavonoids are reporeted,but there are little about them in solanaceae. The biological, pharmacological activity of flavonoids in solanaceae should be carried out in-depth study to fully explore their nutritional health and medicinal value.