A Preliminary Study On The Oxcarts Burial Objects Unearthed And Imagings In Gansu Province From Han To Tang Dynasties

Oxcarts were important means of transportation in ancient China, the developmenthas gone through five stages: First, oxcarts appeared and have begun to use in Xia andShang dynasties; Second, oxcarts developed preliminarily in Qin and Han dynasties;Third, oxcarts became a kind of fashion in Wei and Jin dynasties; Fourth, oxcartswere very popular among people continuely in Sui and Tang dynasties; Fifth, oxcartsdeveloped slowly and began to decline in Song and Yuan dynasties.GanSu oxcarts,which unearthed,were very rich. In Han dynasty,The maincontent based on oxcarts burial objects(牛车冥器); In Wei and Jin dynasties, oxcartsmainly were imagings. such as: oxcarts pictures in Wei and Jin tomb, oxcarts picturesin buddhist statues, but there were a small number of oxcarts burial objects(牛车冥器)unearthed in GanSu province. In Sui and Tang dynasties, oxcarts pictures in theDunhuang Mogao Grottoes were very important.At the same time, according to the changes of roof and baffle(挡板), we classifiedoxcarts by the way of archeology typology(类型学).According to oxcarts roof,Oxcarts were divided into two categories:one were oxcarts with carport(有棚牛车),another were without carport(敞棚牛车).oxcarts without carport(敞棚牛车)had twotypes:one had baffle in front of the oxcarts and after the oxcarts;another were withoutbaffles. oxcarts with carport(有棚牛车)were divided into three categories:the firstcategory oxcarts had the roof of Juanpeng, no windows and no small door.the secondcategory oxcarts significant change was the roof, there were the curly roof both in theends of the roof,which roof was relatively curly.the production of oxcarts were moreluxurious.we could conclude the change of oxcarts shape from Han toTang dynasties.A large number of oxcarts objects and images were unearthed in other areas inWei and Jin dynasties. Compared with GanSu oxcarts,we analyzed the characteristicof GanSu oxcarts: First, GanSu oxcarts were very richful and wholely.Second, GanSuoxcarts expressed the exchange of the central plains culture and customs of ethnicminorities.Third, the combination of oxcarts horseback riding and pottery figurinewere more less in Gansu.Fourth, terrain conditions was an important factor affectingthe development of Gansu oxcarts.Oxcarts have been populared for several dynasties, which deeply marked by the brand of the times, oxcarts became an important symbol of political,economic andcultural.First,the relationship between politics and oxcarts. Government had the powerto use ours oxcarts to meet the needs of military and politics;Oxcarts were importantpart of the national system of ancient rites.secondly,the relationship between economyand oxcarts.oxcarts promoted the development of trade development and circulationof commodities.the quantity of oxcarts and the improvement of production processwas an important index of development.finally,the relationship between cultural andoxcarts.oxcarts expressed social grade reflecting gentle culture rhythm.