A Research On Sentence Pattern "NP Dou₂XP Le, S"

"NP dou2XP le, S"is an emphatic sentence structure with high degree of subjectivity in modern Chinese. Being used extensively, it is of high value-in-use in our daily communications.This thesis focuses on not only the analysis of syntactic structure and semantic features of this sentence structure but also that of the semantic relations such as cause and effect, transition, progression between the former sentence and its follwing ones. Besides, the correlation relations in pragmatic usage and the reasons of its subjective meanings are also discussed here. Below are the major contents:The Introduction chapter illustrates the sentence structure to us to ensure the research objects are accurately and clearly deliverd. A comprehensive introduction of related research status quo being discussed, it proposes new questions as research points. The research methods,corpus sources and meanings of the selected topics are also included in this part.Chapter Two foucuses on the descriptions of the components of the sentence structure one by one from the perspective of syntactic structure.The NP part of the sentence are principally nominals or nominal phrases, including nouns, pronouns, predicatives with a phrase, or appositive phrases. XP type mainly includes NP, VP, or AP, with VP as the most common one. The main characteristics of the minor sentence S demonstrate themselves on the implications of subjects and the use of some interrogatives and correlative adverbs.From the angle of semantics, Chapter Three holds that "NP dou2XP le, S"sentence has "counter-expectation" meanings and that semantic types can be classified as several types like discontent, criticism, contempt, scorn, persuasion, identity, etc. The3types of relations between the major sentence "NP dou2XP le, S"and the minor sentence S are cause-effect, transition and progression.The cause-effect relation within the sentence structure is subjectively recognized with no obvious correlative words. The S part represents some certain expected results of the speaker’s subjectivity, while the "NP dou2XP le, S"part represents the reasons why he/she thinks it should have this kind of expected results.But when it comes to the progressive and transtive relations within the sentence, there exists some relatively obvious corrlative words in general.Chapter Four analyzes the pragmatic features of this sentence structure. We all hold that "NP dou2XP le, S" sentence is a gestalt in which the small sentence "dou"can complete the omitted content of the minor sentence S with the help of context. Moreover,it is understandable that based on the use of correlation principle, the small sentence"dou" can quickly pick up the required contents of the small sentence S. This chapter also analyzes the origin of the subjective meaning of the sentence, that is, the "dou2" part emphasizes the tone of the sentence bearing a not-so-complete subjective modal meanings while the whole sentence is the true bearer of its suejective modal meanings.Chapter Five is the conclusion part which summarizes the viewpoints and significance of the research. Innovative points and weak points of this research are also presented in this part.