Study About The Conservation And Restoration Of Wall-modeling Sculptures And Hanging Sculptures In Shuilu’an Temple

Shui’luan Temple, located at the east of Lantian County, has three hundreds square meters of sculptures from Ming Dynasty. It has a variety of single sculptures, wall-molding sculptures and hanging sculptures, forming a complex spatial modeling. After hundreds of years of vicissitudes, due to natural weathering and vandalism reasons, these precious clay sculptures are now in bad statues. In this paper, aiming at wall-molding sculptures and hanging sculptures, the stability of wall-molding sculptures and hanging sculptures was detected, and the manufacturing materials and technology of the clay sculptures were deeply researched. Besides, the damage causes was explicited, and the feasibility experiments of restoration materials and measures have been made. On this bisis, two wall-molding sculptures and hanging sculptures were restorated.The supporting wall of Shui’luan Temple is weathered, the skeletal fracture is rotten, the mud layer is holly, and the paint layer is chalking off. So the sculptures need to be protected. Damage factors of the sculptures are:temperature and humidity, light, dust, rain erosion, soluble salts, biological damage, production materials and technology, human factors and earthquakes. Rain erosion and soluble salts are the important reasons for supporting wall rotten.In this paper, scientific instruments were adopted for scientific analysis of the samples. Analysis showed that the technique of making sculptures was wood frame â†' coarse clay layer â†'fine clay layerâ†' pigment layer. The wood bones were various hardwood timbers, and the surface was rotten. The structure of metal skeleton was ferrite, with a large number of non-metallic inclusions, and it was mineralized. The fibers used included cotton, paper, wheat husk, straw and reeds. The soil used contained quartz, feldspar, mica and illite, it was good for weathering resistance. Painted pigments used mostly mineral pigments, including lead, cinnabar, red iron, chlorine, copper, mica and illite.On this basis, to choose best materials for conservation and restoration, adhesive materials, grouting materials and reinforcement materials were tested on-site. Ultimately, wall-molding sculptures and hanging sculptures were restorated. And they showed a good protective effect.