Study On Yili River Basin Culture In Yili Valley

Yili river valley is located in the west of China, Due to its unique natural and geographical conditions, enable it to have the abundant precipitation and ample sunshine, which makes it to be an ideal place for nomadic grazing and rest. From the 9 B.C. to 1 A.D.,this large time range, the nomads of the Cypriot, the Dayuezhi and the Wusun once occupied this place successively, then gradually developt into their activity center, and left a large number of archaeological remains. In depth study of these archaeological remains, there are important significance for we have the correct understanding of this culture, and establish the archaeological sequence of cultural development in this region.The Yili River Basin Culture is an transnational early iron age culture, mainly distributed on both sides of the Yili River,the Yili valley is the mainly distribution area. Firstly, according to the natural and geographical distribution situation of these archaeological remains, we can divided them into three areas, Kashi river basin, Kunse river basin and Tekes river basin, the three areas, each area of the stage research of each areas is established on themselves single tomb stage in the cemetery. In this paper,we divide the tombs into individual groups by the pottery assemblages, contrasting potteries morphological characteristics, and combining with other factors. And using the methods of comparative study and combining with the relevant research results to sort every group of tombs,then we can know their time sequence. Finally, using the comparison method of whole objects form and combining all the funerary objects comparison,we concludes the stage of each areas and even the whole culture. This paper divides the culture into four periods, 7 sections. The upper limit of culture is the 9 B.C. generally, and its lower limit is not later than the 1 A.D..On the basis of periodization,the culture is divided into four types, namely, the Poor Kirkcaldyin type, including the first period culture, the 1 and 2 section. The Thornton Braque type, including the section period culture,the 3 section. The Pass Reservoir type, including the third period culture, the 4、5 and 6 section. The Haratubai type, including the fouth period culture, the 7 section. From research,we concluse that the four local types exist successive relations in time.This paper thinks that there are frequent communication between the culture in Yili river and the Chawuhu channel mouth type,Qunbake type that adjacent Chawuhu channel mouth culture by the method of cultural factors analysis. The communication is mainly reflected by the paining pottery and the morphological characteristics of typical objects.By the research,we know that the economic structure of this culture is mainly based on animal husbandry. No later than the Western Han Dynasty,there are scale agricultural production. The handicraft production in pottery, bone machining and metal smelting has large scale. Frequent ethnic migration and wars promoted the cultural exchange and fusion in a certain extent, and also accelerated the final formation of ancient unified multi-ethnic country in China.