| In recent years, the elderly groups encounter various troubles caused by mental health problems. And the mental health problems of the elderly groups are quite different from those of other groups. Therefore, the mental health problems of the elderly are more and more valued by people, and become the focus of attention of the society. However, the current domestic research methods are limited. Most researchers mainly use foreign scales, some of which are not fully applicable to Chinese people, although the surveying indicators are good. So it has theoretical significance and application value to design a mental health measuring scale for the elderly in our country.From the perspective of qualitative and quantitative research, this study researches the elderly mental health in Chongqing area. First of all, based on the literature, this study analyzed the characteristics and influence factors of the elderly mental health, carried out an open investigation in the special nature of the elderly mental health, and designed the prediction questionnaire of 81 questions, according to the literature analysis and open questionnaire information. Secondly, 439 elderly people were tested by using the prediction questionnaire. The results were analyzed by the methods of quality analysis and exploratory factor analysis. 36 questions were eliminated because of subject quality not up to standard and factor loading not accord with standard of geodesy. The remaining 45 questions formed the final questionnaire. This process preliminarily established the elderly mental health questionnaire in five dimensions: self cognition and emotion control, suspicion and denial, happiness, interpersonal adaptation, and cognitive performance. Thirdly, a calibration problem was added to the final questionnaire, in order to verify the criterion related validity of the questionnaire. The 800 formal test data were analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis method, and the results showed that the Chongqing elderly mental health questionnaire developed by this study has good construct validity, and the content validity, criterion related validity and reliability of questionnaire(including the split half reliability and internal consistency reliability) also reached the psychometric standards. Finally, based on the data from 2727 people, this study set the norm for mental health status of the elderly in Chongqing area. The main research conclusions are as follows:1) According to the confirmatory factor analysis results, the Chongqing elderly mental health questionnaire structure is more reasonable, with good structure validity.2) The questionnaire has good criterion related validity.3) The Chongqing elderly mental health questionnaire was compiled in this study. The clone Bach alpha coefficient of the questionnaire subscales is between 0.626~0.962, and the alpha coefficient of total scale is 0.924. The split half reliability of each subscale is between 0.584~0.950, and the split half reliability of the total scale is 0.658. Each of the subscales and total scale has a higher internal consistency reliability and split half reliability, so the questionnaire can be used to evaluate the level of mental health of the elderly in Chongqing area.4) In Chongqing area, a large quantity of data are collected, to establish the total scale and subscale norms of the elderly mental health, respectively in gender, age, cultural degree, economic income, original occupation, place of residence, marital status, whether to live with their children, and so on. According to three major demographic variables of gender, age and residence place, the questionnaire uses the method of hierarchical tree to establish the conversion relationship of raw scores and derived score(T score). It can be used as reference to study on the elderly mental health in Chongqing area. |
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