The Du Fu Criticism Research Of Li Dongyang

Du Fu is a master of the classical Chinese poetry. He is a jewel in the history of ancient poetry. The criticism of Du Fu’s poetry began in the mid-Tang Dynasty. In the Song and Yuan Dynasty, the poetry criticism was well developed. Under the new trends in the Ming Dynasty, the criticism of Du Fu’s poetry opened up a new dimension:new methodological doctrines were advanced because of the expanded horizons and increasingly sophisticated research methods. This provides the necessary condition for deepening the criticism of Du Fu’s poetry, and makes the subsequent investigations more mature. In the early Ming Dynasty, the political situation constantly changed, which brought about the transformation in the ideological trend. As a political leaders and literary leaders in the early Ming Dynasty, Li Dongyang presents us with a theory of the criticism of Du Fu’s poetry that is highly influenced by the characteristics of his time. First, he follows the previous statement of transformation of poems style and the epitome of Du Fu’s poetry. Li Dongyang further explains the "synthesizer" theory of Du Fu’s poetry in a variety of ways, while regarding the "transformation of poems style" issue he develops his own views. Secondly, with the rise of the revivalism in the Ming Dynasty, Li Dongyang reviews Du Fu’s poetry on the basis of the "Stylistic Theory". He discusses the era style of Du Fu’s poetry from the era of multiple levels. Again, people learnt actively Du Fu’s poetry, but only a very small portion of people succeeded. Li Dongyang tries to explore the factors of success and failure in learning Du Fu’s poetry.In the early Ming Dynasty, revivalist trend began to rise. Under the influence of the Song and Yuan’s thoughts, Li Dongyang discusses the characteristics and status of Du Fu’s poetry in history. Li Dongyang discusses previous views about Du Fu’s poems from two aspects:the "synthesizer" theory of Du Fu’s poetry and the "transformation of poems style" issue. On this basis, Li Dongyang’s specific view of Du Fu’s poetry criticism is led out. Li Dongyang is among the "Stylistic Theory" pioneer camp and his doctrine has a profound effect. He comments on Du Fu’s poetry on the basis of the "Stylistic Theory " and he establishes a unique commentary system. He studies Du Fu’s poetry from three aspects:phonological harmony, system specification, and the natural interest. Li Dongyang holds the view that phonological harmony is the most important. On the one hand, phonological harmony stands for the natural voice with beauty of tone, and this natural sound is really an emotional outpouring. On the other hands,Tonal harmony embodies in a Poetic Rhythm,and the Poetic Rhythm is able to demonstrate "the sounds of nature". When it comes to system specification, Li Dongyang thinks Du Fu’s poetry contains sincere feelings and artistic conceptions. It’s the formation of the aesthetic features scene. At the system specification, Li Dongyang first identifies the type of Du Fu’s poems. Then he tries to identify the difference between poems and verses, and also identifies the difference between verse poetry and sentences of different lengths. Then starting from the subtlety, Li Dongyang distinguishes poets of different artistic styles and distinguishes between different artistic styles of the same poet. Finally, when it comes to learning Du Fu’s poems,Li Dongyang admires poetry in the Tang Dynasty and he advocates learning Du Fu’s poems. So learning Du Fu’s poetry is an important proposition in Li Dongyang’s poetry criticism. Identifying the era of poetry style is the first step to study Du Fu’s poems. Second, people must avoid mechanical simulation of Du Fu’s poetry. People create excellent poem with its own characteristics. Finally Li Dongyang advocates abiding by the law for the sake of poetry "interest". In following testimonies premise, he advocates the pursuit of poetry to express feelings spirits and interest.The lyrical method is divided into three areas by Li Dongyang. First of all, a poet must write poetry to express the truth, not to make a fuss. Second, write poetry on the basis of real life. Finally, keep in the true feelings of lightness while pursuing poetry.Li Dongyang’s criticism of Du Fu’s poetry, reflects a unique style of his time. He’s "Stylistic Theory" is the core of the poem system, and complete sound law are viewed as the basic characteristics of the criticism of Du Fu’s poetry. He believes that the poet’s temperament and fantastic mood poetry eventually be reflected in the structure of the acoustic rhythm of poetry. He also explains the principles of tonal harmony and metrical. This reflects a kind of inclusive thinking. Li Dongyang opens a new era of aesthetic fashion. He provides a theoretical basis for the development of future generations study of Du Fu. In promoting the diversification of study of Du Fu, it also has positive impact on the process of Du Fu’s poetry theory.