A Study Of The Heroic And Chivalrous Tales In Zidishu Of The Qing Dynasty

Zidishu is one of the representative type of ballad literature of the Qing Dynasty,which was named after its author "Eight Banners".It is prevalent in Beijing,Tianjin and Shenyang during the period of Qianlong,Jiaqing and Daoguang and it declined in the period of the Republic of China as the disappearance of Eight Banners.The heroic and chivalrous tales in Zidishu of the Qing Dynasty account for a large propotion in Zidishu.Discussing their creation purpose,cultural background,types of subject matter,artistic form and differences with chapter novels of same subject can not only helps to develop its own literary value but also provide reference for research on the interactive relationship between Zidishu and chapter novels.This thesis, consisting of four chapters,is aimed at analyzing the creation purpose, types of subject matter,differences with chapter novels of same subject based on the political system,cultural background and living circumstances of the Eight Banners.The preface of the thesis introduces the significance of this thesis.the status quo of current research and the study objects.The second chapter studies the writing purpose and cultural background of the heroic and chivalrous tales in Zidishu of the Qing Dynasty.The writing purpose of this series of Zidishu can be summarized as two points:advising kindness and punishing evil;entertainment and leisure.The origin of this two purpose is related to the political status and living conditions of the Eight Banners in the Qing Dynasty.This chapter also discusses the cultural background of the teroic and chivalrous tales in Zidishu of the Qing Dynasty.They come from a fusion of the culture of The Manchu nationality and Han nationality.On the one hand.under the impact of traditional culture of martial spirit,the writer is extremely concerned about the heroic and chivalrous behavior.On the other hand,influences from Confucian culture are prominent.Confucianism advocates the spirit of loyalty and chastity.The third chapter studies the types of the heroic and chivalrous tales in Zidishu of the Qing Dynasty.According to the content of the stories,they can be divided into four categories:the emperors and generals stories;outlaws of the marshes stories;female heroes stories;heroes’love and family stories.This chapter analyzes the theme of each type of stories by citing several relevant texts.The fourth chapter mainly discuss their art characteristics of the heroic and chivalrous tales in Zidishu of the Qing Dynasty and compare them with same subject stories in chapter novels.Study subjects of this thesis have more content of common civic corners life than chapter novels.Study subjects of this thesis are more intuitive and have much sense of the scene than chapter novels.Specifically,the narrative way of Zidishu is "imitation in narration".It can transform between narrating plot and imitating characters flexibly.The structure of Zidishu is more simple than chapter novels by cutting storylines and characters that audiences can clear in mind by merely listening them once over.Writers and artists like describing scenery in Fuzan style because they want to show off literary talent and skills and they highlight theatrics.