The Study Of The Influences Of Gender On The Attentional Bias For Negative Emotion

Background:Compelling previous studies confirmed that human attention is usually preferred to negative stimuli associated with human evolution which has important effect to the survival.of the life. Gender differences influence many aspects of the recognition process of human, including the process of attention. For example, many studies found that the female is sensitive to negative emotional information and the attentional bias are higher than male. However, there are rare studies to invest the neural mechanisms and specificity of the priority of the attention to negative stimulus. According to some factors, such as experimental paradigm, subjects between different research group, et al, influenced consistency of the results,, the conclusions between different studies had lower consistency. So further studies are need to explore these questions.Object:Based on the previous literature, we aimed to explore the differences of gender associated negative attention bias and it’s mechanism.Subject:We enrolled48college students to participated this study. All of them had been filtered by State-Trait Anxiety Questionnaire (STAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) before participated the study to exclude the no-healthy state.24male and24female subjects completed the experiment1.20male and18female subjects completed experiment2. All participants are right-handed, there are no history of physical and mental health problems.Methods:The study is divided into two parts, experiment I used dot-probe task paradigm, explore the gender and negative emotional attention difference in spatial attention processing during the early stage (i.e., short stimulation (100ms) rendering time) of the generation of attention. Experiment II, we used dot-probe task paradigm, to analyze the transfer from the first time, the long stimulation (500ms) rendering time, gender in different expression under the stimulus of spatial processing and attention to the differences of mechanism.Repetitive measure analysis of variance was used to analyze the data.Results:(1)When the stimulus present in a short time interval (100ms), the mechanism of male attentional bias originated from orienting, female attentional bias mechanism originated from disengaging. The attentional bias of male expressed an orientional trend in anger, fear. Female attentional bias related to disengagement on anger. Fear can attract more attentional resources than sad and anger.(2)When the stimulus present in a long time interval (500ms), the mechanism of male attentional bias related to disengaging, female attentional bias mechanism related to orientating. Male appeared more attentional bias because removed attentional resourses difficultity in three kinds of negative emotion. Female produced attentional bias on account of awareness of anger, fear and sad.Conclusions:The mechanism of negative emotional attention on male and female is differently, compared to the male sbujects, female subjects inclined to defrayal more attentional resources to negative emotions.