Problems And Countermeasures Analysis On Daily Living Skills Of Autistic Children In A Special Kindergarten In Xia Men

Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder, with social communication deficit, stereotyped behavior as its core symptoms that is different from other special groups. And almost all aspects of the individual have been damaged, seriously affecting their personal and social life. Especially in adulthood, without the ability to live independently, they have no place to go. Then they become a heavy burden of family and society. We have done this research for a special kindergarten in Xia Men. We investigated the daily living skills of autistic children, explored its influential factors, done an intervention and design teaching activities to provide empirical basis for the keys and difficulties in teaching and teaching materials.The research is mainly divided into two parts. In the first part the researcher investigated the daily living skills of autistic children and analyzed the influence factors of daily living skills. The researcher used the self-designed questionnaire survey of daily living skills to investigate the daily living skills of autistic children. We found that the majority of parents (70%-80%) consider that they must cultivate children’s daily living skills, yet only 30% of them do; the daily living skills of the autistic children do best in drinking, the worst is safety, and the cleaning which involves thumb pinch needs more help.The researcher used the PEP-3 translated and revised by Hong Kong Heep Hong Society to measure the autistic children’s cognition, language comprehension, fine motor and gross motor. Our finding is that the daily living skills of the autistic children falls three years behind their physical age; using the variance analysis and the regression analysis, we find that the fine motor skills of autistic children can predict their daily living skills, and it can predict 42.1% of the variance.In the second part we used single subject multiple baseline design to intervene, results of the analysis of visual analysis and C statistics show that the fine motor training can improve the daily living skills of the autistic children. And it has good timely effect and effect in maintenance.Our conclusions are:the parents’ awareness to cultivate children’s daily living skills is still weak; the zone of proximal development is thumb pinch; the fine motor skill will influence the daily living skills; the fine motor training can improve the daily living skills of autistic children.We suggest that the parents’consciousness to raise children’s self care should be strengthened; thumb pinch should be the key of teaching; the fine motor skills should be integrate into the teaching to improve the children’s daily living skills; the fine motor training should be based on the assessment of the children’s fine motor ability and Combine with the teaching content, the reinforcement and the learning characteristics of children; design the training targets according to the fine motor development sequence, strengthen training of the zone of proximal development, fostering the children’s hand grasping capability, fingers, wrist flexion and extension ability of control, hand strength, hand eye coordination, bimanual coordination; make the situation more natural to promote the skill generalization.