The Study On The Bronze Vessel’s Tombs Of Shang Ma Cemetery

The research object of this thesis is about 24 tombs with bronze vessels unearthed in the Shang Ma cemetery. Firstly, established the division standard of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, that is,453 BC. Then through the typological analysis of the main funerary utensils of the 24 tombs, restaging into 4 stages, each can be divided into early and later sections, start from the early Spring and Autumn period, reached its peak in the middle and late age, with the whole cemetery abandoned and lost in the early Warring States period.This thesis carried on a comprehensive statistical analysis of the Bronze vessel’s tombs of Shang Ma Cemetery,start from the analysis of the burial system, based on the research of six major aspects, such as distribution, forms and structure, coffin(guan) and outer coffin (guo), Funerary utensils, accessory burial, human bones, and so on.And it also focuses on the relationship with the Xintian ruins, couples tombs, the ground marks, forms, size & structure,decorations of coffin, placement of funerary utensils, the tripod using, the musical instruments using, the weapon using, the jade using, burial of horses and vehicles, bury direction, limb and gender, etc. Get some new understanding about the burial system of the Jin aristocrat in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.Finally combining with historical documents, the cultural factors of archaeological discovery and the achievements of the historical geography,we can know that:All groups of Bronze vessel’s tombs we studied are head to the north,that is to say the group of aristocracy were belong to the Zhou Dynasty with the surname Ji who were sent to Xin Tian.Analysis also shows that the groups of early Spriring and Autumn Period can be divided into several small groups,different groups may represent different Duke and minister Groups; the groups of Middle and late Spring and Autumn Period were mainly with the surname of Zhi; Chengcun cemetery in Linyi is also belong to the family cemetery with the surname of Zhi.