A Preliminary Study On Cemeteries Of Shang And Western Zhou Dynasties And The Relationship Between Cemetery And Residence

This article systematically discusses the shape of the cemetery and the spatial relationship between the cemetery and the residence during the Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties.The full text is divided into six chapters.The first chapter is the introduction.This paper sorts out and summarizes the related research about the cemetery,the relationship between the cemetery and the residential site.Based on this,the research purpose of this paper is put forward,and the time range,data selection and other related issues of the study are explained.The second chapter focuses on the comprehensive data of the late Shang Dynasty and the Western Zhou Dynasty cemetery.Late Shang cemeteries are the most abundant in Ruins of Yin Ruins,others are found in Shanxi,Shandong,Hebei,Shaanxi and other regions;the number and scope of cemeteries in the Western Zhou period have increased and expanded from the late Shang,mainly Zhou Yuan and Feng Hao sites.The third chapter divides the late Shang cemetery into four types,and discusses and analyzes each type of cemetery,and summarizes three types of cemeteries.Form A is mainly composed of noble burials,and can be subdivided into large burial clusters.3.Separate burials of the tombs and burials distributed between the tombs;Form B is a graveyard where tombs of all grades are co-located and can be divided into large tombs and surrounding tombs in groups.There are five types of burials,concentrated burials in large tombs,and mixed distribution of burials of various grades;Form C is a solitary cemetery of low-grade burials,mostly distributed in clusters,without obvious rules.The fourth chapter divides the cemetery of Xizhou into four categories,and summarizes the morphology of each type of tomb.Divided into forms A,B,C,D,the latter three can be further subdivided according to the specific distribution of tombs in each form.Form A is the burial of thetomb alone,which is far away from the small and medium-sized noble tombs;Form B is the cemetery where the princes and tombs of all levels coexist.According to the specific relationship between the tomb and the small and medium-sized tombs,it is divided into Ba,Bb,and Bc forms;Form C is the burial ground of other nobles and tombs of the following ranks,which is divided into Ca,Cb,and Cc forms according to the distribution of different tombs,tombs,large,medium and small tombs;the last one is a typical civilian cemetery,and the distribution of tombs is not obvious.The pattern is defined as Form D.The reasons for the existence of civilian cemeteries and the coexistence of different ethnic groups in a cemetery were briefly discussed.The fifth chapter mainly summarizes the spatial relationship between the cemetery and the residential site during the Shang and Western Zhou dynasties.The Shang Dynasty often saw the phenomenon of unity of burials,and the separation of burials was the main thing in the Western Zhou Dynasty.Yin Yimin and artisans often see the phenomenon of unity in burial,and the reasons for this phenomenon are discussed.The sixth chapter is the conclusion,summarizes the main conclusions of this article,and puts forward the shortcomings of this article and the problems that need to be further solved.