System And Practice:the Research Of Nanjing Military Control Commission (1949-1952)

Military Control Commission played a very important rule for taking over the city, keeping the city’s social order, restoring production, consolidating new revolutionary regime and constructing People’s Power in the city. This paper takes the Military Control Commission which established in the early liberation of Nanjing as the object of study. Combining the theoretical knowledge of government administrative and history analysis method, systematically research Nanjing Military Control Commission from the angle of system and practice. It mainly includes the following four parts:the background and historical evolution of Nanjing Military Control Commission, the organizational structure and operating mechanism, the main activities, lesson and problems.Nanjing Military Control Commission was founded on April 28,1949. As the city’s highest regime under military control, it entirely administrated the city’s military and civil matters. In the early liberation of Nanjing, the main assignments of Nanjing Military Control Commission were keeping the city’s social order, receiving Kuomintang regime authorities and bureaucratic capital and so on. So Nanjing Military Control Commission published a series of documents such as command, notice and bulletin, guide the work in an orderly manner. Under Nanjing Military Control Commission, it established five takeover committees:military, finance, transportation, administration, culture and education. Under the leadership, duties and quickly to carry out and complete the reception work. During the operation of the City Military Control Commission, its organization also changed according to the focus of its work. And it gradually transferred the authority to the Municipal Government. This paper studies the organizational structure of Nanjing Military Control Commission, mainly from the angle of vertical and horizontal structure. The vertical structure involved the relationship between Nanjing Military Control Commission and the East China Military Political Committee and the relationship with subsidiary organs, to analysis the management level and range. Fragment the horizontal structure from the relationship between each subordinate authority to understand the division of duties. The study of the operating mechanism of Nanjing Military Control Commission primarily include the personnel arrangements of Nanjing Military Control Commission, the working systems (the reporting system, the systems of formal drafting, the division of labor system) and working ways (institute and implementing related policies and statutes, held symposium of various sectors and people’s congress) and so on. The main activities of Nanjing Military Control Commission include four aspects:firstly, the martial receiving work; secondly, strengthen the nascent revolutionary regime; thirdly, take order with foreign affairs; fourthly, economic construction. After the foundation, Nanjing Military Control Commission began to receive the Kuomintang bureaucracies, carried out great activities of eliminating the bandits, sheltering stragglers and disbanded soldiers, consolidating the revolutionary regime. At the same time, the Aliens Office launched the campaign against the hostile foreign affairs. Faced ruined Nanjing, Nanjing Military Control Commission purged the "Gold Yuan" notes, stroke silver speculation, stabilized the price, took measures to restore and develop production quickly. Along with its work, Nanjing Military Control Commission gradually transferred its power to the correlative organs after the year of 1952.Nanjing Military Control Commission accumulated abundant experience, provided reference for taking over Shanghai at a certain extent. Its system construction and operation practices indicates:fully prepared research, seizing the emphases, keeping close ties with the masses, strict discipline, strengthen cadres institution, paying attention to institution building, ideology education, purification system, have great significance to improve and strengthen the administration and construction.