Study On Hanfei’s Thought Of Administration Of Officials

As the core legist, Han Fei’s philosophy thought had be limited in nomocracy by the educational circles. Though disputed occasionally, it is only about the difference between “by law” or “of law”. However, I think that thought of the administration of officials is his typical thought instead of the idea about “ruling of law”. The same as “puissance” and “tactics”, the “law” is only the mean of administrating officials. Han Fei’s thought of officials is unique, especially in why and how to. To gain his good ends, Han Fei was fond of adopting extreme measures. So he often did from one termipoint to the other. But in the background of the extreme measures, there are many theoretical precondition and his logical thinking. Han Fei held the idea of the evil of human nature and every miller draws water to his own mill. So ministers threat the emperor’s puissance all along. Human’s favor is pursuing benefit. However, the emperor and the minister pursue different benefits. That’s why it needs. Everyone has the feared state of mind. So draconian laws are needed. People would be punished severely even if he commits a misdemeanor. Han Fei thought that if did as such, he would get the result that “abolish punishment with punishment” and “abolish management with management”. Han Fei held the idea that govern a state well should decrease the dependence on the governors maximatily because the most of emperors were in the medium range. So the state should be ruled of law. Han Fei’s thought is evolutionism, realism and utilitarianism. He thought we should prepare differently for the different and had changed world. As the result, he advocated that we should not look back on olden times and we needed not do follow the former sovereign. Instead, Han Fei took his stand on learning from the officials. The evil of human nature, human’s favor in pursuing benefit, the feared state of mind, the medium emperors, the evolutionism are his theory’s fulcrum.Han Fei proposed a famous thesis that wise emperor should administrate ministers, nor the ordinary people. But this thesis is self-contradictory logically. Because the thesis originally emphasizes the importance of administrating the ministers. But in Han Fei’s eyes,the importance of administrating ministers depends on the importance of ruling the ordinary people. Administrate the ministers is for ruling people. Han Fei disguised replacement of concepts. He used the “emperor——ministers——people” instead of the concepts “ ministers——people——fire” respectively and correspond to each other. Han Fei’s thought of the administration of ministers has two parts: the administration of ministers and the administration of people. In the first part, Hanfei advocated the measures as such: rewards and punishment; examine, include “ form——essence——nature” trinity and “ words——problems——merits” trinity; the low status discusses the powerful officials, but against the way by cultivating one powerful official to restrict another; inactivity technique but include action; don’t set aside the angry and put an end to the kindheartedness. In the second part, Han Fei insisted the measures as such: rule people by law; Qi Min; punished the undisciplined men; definite one way of education, for example, learn from the officials, teach from the law; act follows the custom.Han Fei’s thought of administration of ministers gives enlightenment to today’s bureaucracy. For example, in choosing officers, in connection with today’s crave official positions, Han Fei insisted removing from the courtiers. Today we fight against windbaggary, Han Fei had pointed out that governor should put an end to the general mood of scholarbureaucrat. Now we combat corruption, many experts are investigating the feasibility of “ nourish honesty with high salary”, Han Fei had insisted that “emperor fight for seeking hegemony, while minister for wealth”. Now politics try to discuss “ the right of the underling” while Han Fei had insisted that low status could discuss the powerful officials. China’s administration of ministers in the course of millennia is considered to the employment of Confucian mode in dealing with diplomatic relations with other countries and the employment of Legalists. We also would find that the Legalists is being criticized impetuously because of its tactics. However, Confucianism also has the “tactics”. About the rewards and punishments, Confucius advocated rewarding the good faith, the faultless, the private sometimes. But Han Fei advocated rewarding the dishonest, the merits and the publish must. By analyzing Han Fei’s thought of the administration of ministers, I find that the nomocracy’s opposite maybe not the rule of man. Each other is only the way to minister’s administration.