The Supplement And Correction Of You(幽部)

Wang Li " Homologous dictionary" is by far the research on Chinese cognate words the pinnacle, "cognate words" laid the foundation of theory and method for the research of Chinese cognate words, has been the school study and emulate. Wang Li "etymological dictionary" is mainly based on the same training, training methods, training teaches recursive semantic consistency of expression to confirm this with the cognate words, semantic association of cognate words is not exactly the same, because the semantic description of cognate words may be similar, may be far. Much of those with such method could not see. It separates the evolution law of the development of Chinese vocabulary system, but the Chinese vocabulary in a certain time to carry on the inspection. With training, transfer training teaches, is in the ancient literature materials, is the meaning absolutely consistent and similar, near synonyms, this and cognate words meaning similar, opposite requirements are not too, therefore, greatly reducing the word association, the thoughts on the development of cognate words research in the future after a long period of time.The system of pronunciation and vocabulary are in a constantly changing, cognate words is not a closed system, but with the development of vocabulary derived from expanding, the homologous research object in the whole system of Chinese vocabulary development is studied by Chinese cognate word family will. Correspondingly, the literature material to produce evidence to expand throughout the history of the development of the corpus of literature, from ancient times to the present, the evolution law of longitudinal study of its significance, and according to the law of Chinese vocabulary to explore the detailed analysis, the same source words in a system of self, this it is the cognate word family.Language is the language of the society, is a system of constant development, has its evolution law of the system, and the voice of Chinese vocabulary, semantics in its own language system also presented the unique law of development:the categories of ancient development to the middle, just more points and more fine, but did not appear out of the categories of phonetic properties and stand, any a medieval categories also can find its origin in ancient times, development to modern times, although no categories to sign said, according to the voice we can still find the voice of medieval sources; Semantic evolution law is gradually differentiation the polysemy of words, so that every word record further fixed and clear meaning of the word, the meaning of polysemy is not isolated, but both belong to a semantic system, therefore the meaning of the word after the differentiation between also has considerable uniformity and regularity, with the continuous differentiation of word meaning, some of the prominent words with the original meaning also is likely to be far, but all of them can still find the internal extension of clues, that’s way cognates.Now studies are based on the lack of homologous words, this paper attempts from the three aspects of cognates linking work, one is how to limit the cognate words (that is, how to avoid the overflow of cognate words is not set out in two), is how to prevent the leakage of cognate words, three is how to determine the correlation with the source words.Investigation of the words and phrases from cognate words be of great advantage to limit overflow. In Chinese, the word is a symbol system to record language, is an individual phenomenon; words are the fixed forms of voice, the smallest unit of language that represents a specific meaning. That is to say, the word is recorded when the word, phonetic forms and meaning of the word is given a specific time will be the word. Therefore, between words, word and word is not significant correlation between the word and the word, only to equal significance to carry out a comparative study. Chinese characters, respectively, the interchangeable words, ancient and modern words, just as its name implies, a written form of the word is different, their record is a word, simply use them to cognate words can not, can not simply put them with the cognate word meaning association, only when they can be related to the record the word and other words and consider whether cognate words. Under the guise of only by its shape and tone to express different meanings, so the homonymous phonetic loan characters in addition to exclude the cognate words.How to prevent the leakage of cognate words has been the bottleneck of cognate words. In the series, Wang Li’s a demanding meaning similarity and lack of significant correlation with care, make the cognates linking greatly narrowed the scope of. To the sound as the key link, all material of harmonic, break through the limitations of synonyms, can make the cognates linking range greatly expanded, by a single phrase linked to word family contact, it also reflects the regularity of Chinese characters and the development of Chinese vocabulary.Clear the meaning extension is the key clue of homologous words correlation. The extension of word meaning is the main way of Chinese cognate differentiation. A word has only one meaning extension clues, clues of meaning extension is not the original meaning of the word, the word is not a semantic meaning, but from the common features of many of the items in the highly abstract generalization. According to this characteristic, can lead to a more extended direction, the direction of extension of each are thrown out of a line, you can string out a group of cognate words, more extended direction way is the root radial derivative method, extension direction of each series of cognate words is a chain like derivative method.Because of the time and energy as well as individual research capacity limitations, the Department of the word family is just the tip of the iceberg, but also in the process of discovery. Types of homologous words related, the same is the core element, except that different class can also from the active meaning, the result meaning, the purpose meaning and the methods meaning.