The Comparative Study Between Gramsci And Althusser’s Ideology Theory

While Ideological problems are the hot issues of contemporary academic research, a growing team of scholars to study the theory of ideology in the past. Ideology with its unique glamour in today’s society occupies an important place in the academic research. Marx started the modern sense of ideology, thus Gramsci, Althusser has inherited the modern significance of ideology and broadens the research scope of ideology on the basis of the reality history of domestic. Based on the Marxist theory of the State, the relationship between economic foundation and superstructure, Gramsci and Althusser’s creatively elucidated the Marxism, focused on the study of the material and functional of ideological and formed the cultural leadership and ideological State apparatuses, two extremely important in the development of Western Marxism’s theory. The formation of these two theories is the creatively development of Marxist ideology and the description of the change of the ideology theory with the development of social reality, and it will has very important guidance and warning function to the practice in new period of Socialist construction in China that deepen the study of these theoretical.The comparative study of the ideology theory in this paper tries to sort out the logic of the development of the concept of ideology in detail, and it especially emphasize the development of ideology theory in the two opposite trends of the humanitarian route and science routes in Western Marxism. Gramsci as the representative of the humanitarian route and Althusser as the representative of the science route, the comparative research between them is based on the logic of the development of Western Marxism,of course it is also premised on the inextricable link between the two. Through the comparative study of the ideology theory, which can has a more clearly complete understanding to these respective ideology theory and we can analyze their shortcomings and deficiencies in the comparison. In addition we can understand their thoughts with contacting the development history of ideological and we can have a clear cognizance to deepen ideological theory study of depth, breadth, and how to adapt to the changes with the better analysis of theories of the relationship between development and social change.Paper is probably divided into five parts, and I will give a simple summarize to each section.The first part is the preface, mainly deals with the study origin of the ideology problem, and give a brief overview of the basic contents of Gramsci and Althusser’s theory of ideology; And then I will give a simple description to the feasibility of the comparative study.Part II deals with each of the two ideological concepts as well as both of the same ideological concepts and different studies. The third part analyses their outstanding achievements of: the theory of cultural hegemony and ideological State apparatuses. Conform to the pattern of part II, firstly making a detailed analysis of the cultural hegemony theory and ideology State apparatus, and then comparing the similarities and differences between the two based on the above analysis. In theoretically, Part IV belongs to the third part.But in my opinion, the function operation analysis of the ideological theory should be put out alone, and it is the purpose and the topic of this paper. And the fifth part discusses the meaning and the flaws, shortcomings of the general idea of their ideologies.The research of the paper is committed to analysis clearly the similarities and differences of the two people’s ideology theory. When I analysis these similarities and differences,I always put them in the development of the whole Western Marx doctrine.In the study, the way of thinking that the combination between the logic and history is throughout the full text. Starting from the development logic of the whole Western Marxism, and basing on current social historical reality background is the foothold of the study. Based on this standpoint, this paper tries to compare Gramsci and Althusser’s ideology theory is aimed to deepen understanding of the theory of ideology, and thus take this clearly more accurately grasp the development course of ideology.