Comprehensive Influence Model Of 3-to 6-year-old Preschool Children’s Personality Development

The study of the influence factors of the development of personality is an hot issues both at home and abroad. childhood is the critical period of personality development. It is crucial to ascertain the comprehensive influence factors on personality for making effective cultivating plan. However, most existing literatures focus on the effect of individual factor on the personality. In order to comprehensively investigate the causal influences of temperament, kindergarten factors(teacher expectation and peer acceptance) and family factors(parental co-parenting style, parental education value and parental parenting style) on the Preschool children’s personality development, and the probability of the dependencies among these influence factors, we constructed the influence factors model of personality development based on the Bayesian network.Study 1: kindergarten factors on the influence of 3-6 years old Preschool children’s personality developmentWe selected two variables(teacher expectation in the relationship between teachers and students and peer acceptance in the peer relations)as the kindergarten factors which were investigated. The data were collected from 520 preschool children with peer nominations and questionnaire survey. The questionnaires include teacher expectation questionnaire, children’s temperament questionnaire and teacher-assessment children’s personality development questionnaire. we explored that kindergarten factors and its interaction between temperament influence personality development through correlation analysis and multivariate hierarchical regression analysis.The results showed that the peer acceptance and a few dimensions of teacher expectation predict children’s personality; Temperament and peer acceptance or teacher expectation have interaction effects on personality; These findings suggested that kindergarten factors has an important influence on children’s personality development, and this effect changes with children’s levels of temperament.Study 2: To construct a model of comprehensive influence Preschool children’s personality developmentWe measured 520 children’s personality, temperament, teacher expectation, parenting style, parental education value, co-parenting and peer acceptance level with questionnaire survey and peer nomination method. we adopted the k2 algorithm proposed by Cooper to construct the BN of comprehensive influence on children’s personality development, and heuristic search strategy was applied to find the optimal results of the BN. The results showed that the direct influence factors of intelligence and extraversion are social inhibition and reaction of the temperament; the direct influence factors of conscientiousness and prosociality are the teacher expectation and attention of the temperament; emotional stability is directly affected by emotion of temperament. On the whole, the impact of temperament is larger and more direct than kindergarten factors, family factors on personality; the impact of family factors is much smaller than the impact of kindergarten factors on the preschool children’s personality.