Experimental Study On The Influence Of Cognitive Load To Hindsight Bias

Hindsight bias is defined as the tendency for the knowledge of an outcome to bias impression of the inevitability or foreseeability of that outconme.There many theory models explain the phenomenon.According to RAFT and SARA,hindsight bias results from automatic,whreas CMT claim that hindsight bias results from controlled,effortful processes.The dual process theries,which claim there are two separate systems of cognition.System 1 processing is believed to operate independent of working memory capacity, wheras working memory is central to System 2 processing.Explanations of hindsight bias differ based on the different conditions.The available researches take the text and picture messages as materials to do lots of studies on hindsight bias but seldom of them explore the adaptive of theory models in phonetic area.Therefore this study attempts to examine the cognitive load in the field of auditory hindsight bias, enrich the research of hindsight bias.In the study,we adopted literature method and experimental method.The first experiment explore the effects of cognitive load on university students’ hindsight bias.The second experiment explores the effects of stimulus presentation methods on university students. The results show: University students have got hindsight bias in song information task. Cognitive load effects the hindsight bias significantly, that is to say, the more heavy the task is, the larger the hindsight bias is. Methods of stimulus presentation are divided into progressively presenting results and directly presenting results. Hypothesis design is used in the study. The results show that stimulus presentation method effects the hindsight bias significantly. Comparing with the progressive presentation method, direct presentation method demonstrates larger hindsight bias. The third experiment investigates the effects of cognitive load on university students’ hindsigh bias on the condition of direct presentation method.The results show that cognitive load has no significant effect on hindsight bias on the condition of direct presentation method.The problem-solving experience reduce hindsight bias.Individuals in the phase 2 need much less cognitive effort.