A Study Of Beijing Dialect Particle "Zhe" In The Qing Dynasty Based On Collation Of Manchu And Chinese

The research material of the study is the literature " QingWenQiMeng" " QingWenZhiYao" (100 Chapters), which written in early Qing Dynasty, using both Chinese and Manchu language. This article based on mutual interpretation between the two languages, descriped the Times and the Aspect system of there materials with the guiding of the typology of grammatical theory. Take the partical "Zhe" as the research object, this article describes several common usages of it, and do research on some special grammatical phenomena from the angle of the interacion between Manchu and Chinese.Chapter one mainly introduces topic selection source, research purpose and research significance, followed by reviewing the overseas and domestic research work. And the same time, this chapter points out data sources and specific research methods.Chapter two discusses the Progressive function of the "Zhe". "V Zhe" is not self-sufficient when expressing Progressive. This chapter mianly focuses "Zhe" combined with different markers, corresponding to different Manchu forms. Manchu forms include the Aspect markers, the Times markers, Converb affixes three kinds.Chapter three discusses the Continuative function of the "Zhe".Firstly, this chapter discusses the syntactic form and sentence accomplishment limitation of the "Zhe".Then briefly introduces the its descriptive function. Finally, mianly discusses different Manchu forms, including three types:the Aspect markers, the Times markers,Converb affixes. This chapter also analyze these markers’ meaning itself represented, reflecting the inconsistence in the Times and the Aspect expression between Manchu and Chinese.Chapter four discusses the disyllabll preposition "X Zhe", tracing the Manchu preposition form of translation, comparing the usage difference between the Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasty, analyzing the evolution mechanism and motivation of disyllable preposition "X Zhe". Finally, this chapter discusses a evolution path which from the verb to conjunctions, through the formation of the "Genzhe".Chapter five investigates the format "V1 Zhe (O) V2". This chapter focuses on the use of the format at the beginning of the Qing dynasty, trying to demonstrate whether the format to be affected by the Manchu on the translation of composition.Chapter six discusses the use of modal particle "Zhe". This kind of case is less, usage is unitary, mainly expressing imperative, command tone.Chapter seven is the conclusion part. Summarized this study and pointed out existing deficiencies.