Research On Rhetorical Questions In "Qing Wen Enlightenment·Jian Han Manchu Routine"

Qing Wen Qi Meng,a Manchu language textbook with both Chinese and Manchu language,was written in 1730.The second volume of the book "daily dialogue with Chinese and Manchu language" vividly records the Beijing dialect of early Qing dynasty.The rhetorical questions in this volume are frequently used and various in expressions and functions,which are valuable in certain digaree to the research of Beijing dialect and modern Chinese rhetorical questions in Qing Dynasty.This dissertation takes the rhetorical questions of the second volume of Qing Wen Qi Meng as the research object,which mainly includes three parts:The first part contains a brief introduction of the existing related studies and a statement of the significances,purposes and methodologies of this dissertation.The second part is the study of the rhetorical questions of the second volume of Qing Wen Qi Meng under the guidance of the grammar theory of "three dimensions".We did a syntactical,semantical and pragmatical analysis of the rhetorical questions based on the syntactical classification.The syntactical structures of the rhetorical questions can be divided into two types:rhetorical-only constructions and non-rhetorical-only constructions.These two types can be divided into four types:rhetorical questions based on interrogative pronouns,rhetorical questions based on rhetorical adverbs,rhetorical questions based on mood words,and rhetorical questions based on conjunctions.In the aspect of semantics,the dissertation mainly studies the expressions of negative semantics of the rhetorical questions.In the aspect of pragmatics,the dissertation mainly studies the pragmatic functions of the rhetorical questions.Rhetorical-only constructions are the constructions that can only be used in rhetorical questions.Its existence indicates that the rhetorical question is not only a pragmatical problem,but also a syntactical problem and syntactics is highly relevant with semantics and pragmatics.Therefore,it is important for us to look into rhetorical-only constructions.The last part is a comparative study of the rhetorical-only constructions in Qing Wen Qi Meng,investigating the development of them in the Beijing dialect of the middle and late Qing dynasty and the modern Chinese,figuring out the reasons of the similarities and differences of the development of the rhetorical-only constructions,and analyzing typical rhetorical-only constructions.By studying this,we hope to figure out the features of the rhetorical-only constructions in Qing Wen Qi Meng and a part of the features and reasons of the development of Chinese rhetorical-only constructions.