| Horoscopic astrology which imported from overseas is a significant part of ancient Chinese astrology. Indubitably, the development of ancient Chinese astrology was profoundly impacted by horoscopic astrology. Due to the significance in the history of astrology and the history of communication between China and West, introduction, transmission and influence of horoscopic astrology in different periods of ancient China are important subjects all the time. Although plenty of remarkable works have been done, the study on house system is apparently not enough. Especially the history of introduction and development of house system in ancient China have not been systematically researched yet. There is a great value of the study about house system which is the foundation of horoscope astrology. Based on the previous scholarship, this dissertation gives a systematical study on the introduction and development of house system in different historical periods through analyzing a variety of new and old historical materials synthetically, combining with incoming background of horoscopic astrology. In general, main progresses which have been achieved can be summarized as folllows.First of all, early introduction, dissemination and application of Whole Sign House System have been studied systematically. According to historical materials, we proved that Whole Sign House System, incoming with Buddhism, was introduced to China initially. And noted that the first complete statement of the Whole Sign House System which have appeared in Buddhist literature Qi Yao Rang Zai Jue七曜攘炎诀.We had discussed the method named’Feng Mao An Ming’逢卯安命to fixing Fate House in this literature. We also found that Yusijing聿斯经, Dunhuang Manuscripts and Japanese Esoteric Buddhism literatures had used Whole Sign House System. Moreover, it have appeared in Genethliacal Astrology and traditional Chinese fate documents(focus on Zi Ping子平术and Zi Wei Dou Shu紫微门数)And Rumen Chongli Zhezhong Kanyu Wanxiaolu'门崇理折衷堪舆完孝缘adjusted the method called’Feng Mao An Ming’逢卯安命for fixing Fate House of Genethliacal Astrology.Secondly, we introduced the transmission and early dissemination of Quadrant House System in Late Ming and early Qing Dynasty. We found that, Regiomontanus House System which was carried out through two channels:official one and civilian one had been introduced to ancient China in this period through analysis of the form and content of horoscopes in archives of Astronomical Bureau. We speculated that Astronomical Bureau should have used Regiomontanus House System. We analyzed and corrected Qi Lun 七论，an important western astrology literature written by Yang Zuomei杨作枚in early Qing Dynasty, and confirmed that Qi Lun had used Regiomontanus House System. Meanwhile, we found another Quadrant House System had been introduced to China in this period. It appeared in Lixiang Tushuo 历 象圆说 and was known as Campanus House System.Finally, we examined the development and other relative areas of House System in middle and late Qing dynasty. Based on these results, an analysis of the Qing intellectuals’attitudes toward Whole Sign House System and Quadrant House System was given. Qing intellectuals reformed Regiomontanus House System in Tianbu Zhenyuan天步真原with calculations and instruments, and even generalized it to traditional Zao Zang 造葬. According to the newly discovered historical materials, we found that Whole Sign House System still had been used in Genethliacal Astrology, Zi Ping and Zi Wei Dou Shu in this period. However, Whole Sign House System bogged down actually, even backed up. We also analyzed Qing intellectuals’ comparison of those two house systems. Under the background of the wide spreading of the European mathematical astronomy, represented by Chongzheng Lish崇祯历 书, Qing intellectuals tended to choose the more accurate one about twelve House.In the Epilogue, we discussed the relationship between house system and horoscopic astrology in ancient China, in order to increase our understanding of ancient Chinese horoscopic astrology. |
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