The Study On The Function Words Of Three Southern Operas In Yong Le Encyclopedia

Xiao Sun Tu, Zhang Xie Zhuang Yuan, Huan Men Zi Di Cuo Li Shen, the three plays of the Three Southern Operas in Yong Le Encyclopedia, are the earliest extant Southern Opera works, also because of an earlier era, they jumped to change without descendants’absurd modification, preserved the original, is the firsthand information about research on drama’s institutions and Chinese language in Song and Yuan Dynasties. In this paper, function words in the Three Southern Operas in Yong Le Encyclopedia as the investigated objects, it is necessary to explain the cases of grammatical meaning and the syntactic function of some function words; at the same time, the use of the case and the frequency of occurrence of quantitative statistical analysis, combined with qualitative analysis and the results of previous studies, and general combing the various function words in the former and future generations, the author explores the diachronic evolution of function words.This paper is divided into five parts:introduction, the first chapter, the second chapter, the third chapter and conclusion.Introduction, the author gives a brief introduction about the importance of Chinese function words and study on function words, the classification of function words, the basic situation and current research status about Three Southern Operas in Yong Le Encyclopedia as well as the selected version and research methods.The first chapter, counting and analyzing the cases of preposition in play texts, according to play texts corpus as well as the relationship between prepositional and predicate structure, prepositions in the text is divided into five categories:the prepositions about introducing time or place, the prepositions about introducing object or range, the prepositions about introducing reason or purpose, the prepositions about introducing tools or methods, the prepositions about introducing virtue or basis; by comparing with the same period literature corpus research, the pragmatic functions of prepositions in the text and the grammatical meaning are discussed in detail.The second chapter, counting and analyzing the cases of conjunctions in play texts, according to the corpus of texts and the role conjunctions play in the sentence, conjunctions in the text divided into ten categories:coordinate conjunctions, continuing conjunctions, progressive conjunctions, conjunction of choice, adversative conjunctions, hypothetical conjunctions, conditional conjunctions, conjunction of causality, conjunction of purpose; by comparing with the same period literature corpus, the text conjunctions’pragmatic functions and grammar significance are discussed in detail.The third chapter, counting and analyzing the cases of auxiliary words in play texts, according to the text corpus and the role auxiliary words play in the sentence, auxiliary words of the text is divided into six categories:dynamic auxiliary, state auxiliary, structural auxiliary, modal particle, approximate number auxiliary, tentative aspect particle; by comparing with the same period literature corpus, the text auxiliary’ pragmatic functions and grammar significance are discussed in detail.Conclusion, the Three Southern Operas in Yong Le Encyclopedia function word system is carded briefly and some common cases of function words in synchronic and diachronic evolution shows is summarized.From the vertical perspective, the Three Southern Operas in Yong Le Encyclopedia produced in the occasion of the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the language formed a connecting link between the Middle Chinese and modern Chinese, the evolution of function words conforms to the development process of the whole language. Overall, the Three Southern Operas in Yong Le Encyclopedia as the early Southern Opera, the authors of the works are amateur actors, they with the low literary attainments, cause that opera loosely structured and art forms are slightly rough, which makes the language of the plays popularized and colloquial, which truly reflect the basic features of the Song and Yuan Dynasties language, there is high value of the corpus to study the language of the Song and Yuan Dynasties.