Zhou Zuo-ren’s Essays About "Ghost And God"

Zhou zuo-ren liked talking about the "ghost and god". He wrote a large number of essays about the "ghost and god".This series of essays about the "ghost and god "run through his career and reflect the spirit and aesthetic taste. In the 1930’s, Zhou zuo-ren went back to study and talked about the "ghost and god".He thought highly of folklore and had a special liking for folk custom in the sense of "ghost and god".During this period, He wrote a lot of "text copied body" essays about the "ghost and god". This type of essays involves a variety of ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign literature and literature about "ghost and god". Zhou zuo-ren transcribed a large amount of materials about the "ghost and god" in the novels and essays of Ming and Qing dynasty.In the poetry,which created in the age of fifty birthday,He said that" he liked to listen to the ghost stories all day on the street"and take "the ghost" as "ordinary things". Wrapped up in his own garden,he showed a state of the alien to the reality.He promoted interesting,which maked his essays writing about the ghost and god relatively becomed more simple and artistic.The purpose of talking about the ghost was to be entertaining and aesthetic,and reduce the function of the "ghost and god"The topic of this paper is Zhou zuo-ren’s essays about the "ghost and god".There are four chapters in this paper.The first chapter discusses the basic views of Zhou zuo-ren about the "ghost and god".To analyse Zhou zuo-ren’s basic views about "ghost and god",we clarify the stage in the Zhou zuo-ren essays about "ghost and god" and take an overview of "ghost" image.He didn’t believe in the exist of ghost in the world and admit the cocept of "ghost and god" is meaningful.It can be said that He had "No ghost theory"and admited the idea of "ghost and god".The second chapter analyzes the problem:how did Zhou zuo-ren talk about "ghost and god" from the perspective of folklore and cultural anthropology.Through the comparison of Chinese with Greece, Japan ghost thought, we found that Chinese had a strong belief in spirits of moral consciousness and the secular utilitarian attitude.Meanwhile,He tried to take the spirit in the Greek of beautification and piety in the Japanese ghost and god faith into Chinese belief in spirits to reconcile China’s national situation and establish a way of life in the China which is in line with the divine and human nature.The third chapter discusses the Zhou zuo-ren’s critical attitude toward the past retribution thought from the perspective of relationship between zhou zuo-ren and novels and essays of Ming and Qing dynasty literature.We find that Zhou zuo-ren denied the retribution thought and "morale" Confucianism,affirmed the "clear Mastery" of Confucianism which treats the ghost and god to human physical attitude,and more or less agreed with the early Confucian ideas and attitudes towards spirits.The fourth chapter mainly discusses that Zhou zuo-ren explored the aesthetic significance in the essays about "ghost and god".For the scholars of the Ming and Qing Dynasty in the talking about the ghost,There are two choices:to preach morally by supernatural retribution; to take the self entertainment and talk about ghost for fun.Zhou zuo-ren denied the retribution thought and "morale" Confucianism in the notes in Ming and Qing Dynasty.He also recognized the view that the scholars of the Ming and Qing Dynasty talk about the spirit of the ghost to have fun.At this point,Zhou Zuoren and the scholars of the Ming and Qing Dynasty stood on the same line.In the talking about "ghost and god",Zhou Zuo-ren found that ghost has emotional function and entertainment function,showing a kind of aesthetic attitude.