Research On The Land Development In Qaidam Basin During The Republican Period

Land is the human survival and development material foundation, and it provides the most basic means of production for the human productive activity.At the same time,land is also the carrier of the human creating all kinds of the material resources production.Only through continuous development and utilization of land resources, the land can create rich economic value.Therefore,land development is the foundation of all production and development,is the most direct and the most important constituent part in the process of economic development,and is the main channel of human activities acting upon the natural environment.Qaidam Basin is located in the northwestern QingHai-Tibet Plateau.It is the ethnic nomadic land since the ancient times, so it is lack of human activities, and the land development intensity is not big.During the Republican period,under the social background of the country actively advocating northwest development,and the interplay of the political,transportation and other factors,human activity is increasing in the western Qaidam Basin.Relying on the advantage of Qaidam land resources,which gradually broke the single land use form husbandry production,therefore agricultural production and mineral exploitation gradually rose and created new forms of land exploitation and utilization.According to the principle of "land to the natural environment",it divides land use pattern on the basis of the natural environment.We can judge a region whether is suitable for land reclamation, livestock, or exploitation of mineral resources through the all kinds of factors such as landform,water and climate.And then we can undertake land development and utilization through the principle to distribute and divide unused land’s production type.In the period of the Republic of China,The economic value of Qaidam land development is mainly manifested in farming, animal husbandry, mining,the public land, transportation construction and urban land formation.However,the economic value of land and public construction are connected with each other,and promote each other,inseparably.In particular, the development of agriculture, animal husbandry and mining industry can promote the formation of a town area and the construction of traffic to a certain degree.On the other hand,the development of traffic will drive the development of farming,animal husbandry and industrial and mineral industry.So to speak,the two types of land development is connect with each other in the process of economic development.During the period of the Republic of China,the agricultural development of Qaidam Basin took an important step,there are large-scale land reclamation activities,and the water conservancy construction that is closely related to agricultural development also obtained the corresponding development,which laid a good foundation of the Qaidam agricultural development after the foundation of the state.During the period of the Republic of China,the animal husbandry as the only way to land development from ancient times to the present affected by natural disasters, backward production technology, traffic inconvenience,and many other limitations.Therefore,animal husbandry development than behind the trend of agricultural production.This article through to carding the process of basin development,summarizes the factors that influence the animal husbandry development,and find out the solution to solve it,which provides reference to Qaidam stockbreeding development in the future.Qaidam Basin is known as "cornucopia", just as the name implies, which contains abundant mineral resources. Although only a small number of mineral resources was made use of in the Republic of China before,more mineral resources have been understanding,with scholars both at home and abroad carrying out the scientific research of Qaidam Basin,which laid a solid foundation of Qaidam that became regional economy for the future.The formation of traffic and town is benefit from the development of agriculture,animal husbandry,and mining,but from another level, the economic value of land was more obvious because of the traffic and town arise.During the period of the Republic of China, green new roads throughout the basin, make traffic into a new stage.During the period of the Republic of China, with the green new highway throughout Qaidam Basin,which prompts the traffic into a new stage.With the formation of urban and agricultural reclamation activities relating to each other,most towns such as Dulan Nuo Muhong,Xiang Ride and other places in Qaidam Basin were located in the eastern basin land reclamation developed area during the period of the Republic of China.This paper will expound, from the above five roughly land development and utilization process during the period of the Republic of China.One is the embodiment of the economic value of land, the other one is the development and construction of land as a public resource. Through researching the problems in the process of land development,we can analysis the Qaidam encountering obstacles in the process of land development, which is a national complex,traffic inconvenience,sparsely populated,backward culture,political influence and so on.This article applies the theory and method of historical geography from above several aspects to discuss,and aims to analysis land development process and the characteristic of the development during the period of the Republic of China,thus in order to restore the beauty of Qaidam Basin land development during this period.