| Nowadays, the gap between the rich and poor has increased year by year in Chinese society. And this issue has caused many social problems. For example, In some places there is the tendency of hating officers and the rich. The government managers and scholars pay close attention to this phenomenon.The research shows when individuals make external attribution to the gap between rich and poor, they will feel a perception of distributive injustice and the feeling of relative deprivation. Then this will be potential factors that affect the stability and harmony in society. The class psychology research found that low social class individuals tend to do external attribution in the gap between the rich and poor, such as inequality of opportunity or discrimination. Thus, the low social status groups will be more likely to perceive the reality of injustice. As a result, the poor people’s attribution tendency in the gap between the rich and poor should be concerned. This can not only extend the class psychology theory, but can also help management to make appropriate policy for the society.This article is based on social class theory and theory of psychological capital intervention. We plan to have three studies to explore these problems. Firstly, we will demonstrate the poor people’s attribution tendency in the gap between the rich and poor by investigation study.Secondly, we will explore the psychological mechanism of how the psychological capital of low social class affect the attribution tendency in the rich-poor gap. Finally, we will explore the psychological capital’s influence on low class attribution tendency by an experimental method.Study 1a used the method of questionnaire to explore different social class’s attribution tendency in the rich-poor gap.we use a sample of 537 graduates. The results showed that lower social class individuals in our samples were more likely to attribute the gap between the rich and poor to such external contextual factors, and they have less psychological capital.Study lb used the method of questionnaires in different provinces. We selected 371 low class adults as participants. The results of the study show that it was the sense of control that partially mediated the relationship between psychological capital and attribution tendency in the rich-poor gap. Specifically, lower psychological capital individuals tended to feel lower personal control; as a result of this lower sense of personal control, they were more likely to explain the gap between the rich and poor in terms of external causes rather than internal causes.Study 3 used the method of experiment,taking 77 students of lower class as the subjects. The experimental group of 39 undergraduates had the psychological capital intervention; the control group of 38 undergraduate didn’t have the psychological capital intervention. This study focused on the effectiveness of the psychological capital intervention curriculum and its affection to the attribution tendency in the gap between the rich and poor. The results showed that, after the psychological capital intervention of low class subjects, the level of psychological capital and control levels were significantly increased. And there was a marked reduction of the tendency for lower class individuals to make more external explanations for the gap between the rich and poor. |
