Research On Resilience Of Offenders In Community Corrections

Offenders in community corrections are generated with the establishment of the community correction system. Generally such the group is characterized by less subjective culpability of the mind, personal dangerousness, and easy to correct. Facing a series of risk factors, such as unemployment, restriction of personal freedom, negative social evaluation, arising from criminal penalty, some offenders in community corrections fail to deal with them successfully, thus suffering damage in development function, while some overcome adverse impact, adapt to the society, develop their career and life well; the latter can be attributed to "resilience".In the present research, the author takes social adaptation and psychological health status as the indicators for measuring whether offenders in community corrections develop well or not; collect information from such offenders in community corrections and their community correction officers. At firstly community correction officers are interviewed, and then the author preliminarily obtains the data of the offenders in community corrections having experienced multiple risk factors but adapted to the society well, and measures the psychological health status of such objects using SCL-90 scale, further determines resilience-based offenders in community corrections. One to one interview is performed on such objects to access their process of resilience; such the interview data are analyzed with NVivo10.0 software. The paper can draw the conclusions below:(1) The internal protective factors of offenders in community corrections include three aspects:cognitive factors, individual characteristics and behavioral factors. Cognitive factors include four dimensions:rational perspective toward punishment, self reflection, attention to positive impact, positive self cognition; personal characteristics include traits of character, ability, psychological resources highly praised by the society; behavioral factors include:self promotion, thanksgiving & dedication and emotion regulation.(2) The external protective factors of offenders in community corrections are composed of family support, friends support, community corrections officers support, employer support, and life turning point. Family support includes emotional support from family members, economic support by family members, close relationship with their parents or other caregivers during growing-up, and democratic parenting style; friends support includes:active listening, verbal persuasion and economic support; community correction officers support includes:concerning, understanding and encouragement, and helping in solution to practical problems; employer support includes superior support; life turning point includes job opportunities and true loving.(3) Finally, the author analyzes risk factors, negative reaction and protective factors such offenders in community corrections experienced, as well as their mutual relations, further makes following conclusions for their resilience mechanism on the above basis: a person is dynamically balanced in physical, psychological and behavioral responses, as the environmental risk factors are accumulated, their original physical and psychological balance is broken, and impacted by negative emotional, physical and behavioral responses.In order to restore the balance in physical, psychological and behavioral responses, they fully mobilize individual internal and external protective factors; if the protective factors overcome and compensate for the negative impact, such the balance will be re-established, and the resilience will be restructured to achieve successful development. In this process, various internal protective factors interact, while internal and external factors also...