The Government Regulation Research On Marketization Of Urban Public Utilities

City public utilities as economic infrastructure is a basic requirement of urban development, which is closely related with urban residents’daily life,and plays a decisive role in improving residents’quality of life and promoting urban economic development.Utilities have natural monopoly, irreplaceability, public welfare and regional characteristics.In the1960s, the western developed capitalist countries began the process of marketization of public utilities reform, and theory study on this practice also gradually attracted the attention of scholars both at home and abroad.The market-oriented reform of public utilities in China lagging behind the western countries, began in the1990s, and the reform of amplitude is small.Since2001, our country has issued a series of policies to promote utility market-oriented reforms.Regulatory reform issues related to public utilities has been one of the most active areas of industrial economics research topic, and also a hot issue of China’s economic system reform. Government regulation originates from market failure, but different regulation theory has a different explanation on regulation origin and purpose. Regulation theory mainly experienced the public interest theory, regulatory capture theory and regulation economic theory.Britain, the United States and Japan is a typical representative of regulatory reform in natural monopoly industry.Britain and the United States are the examples for analysis in this paper, and they have several common orientation in natural monopoly industry regulatory reform:(1) Relax regulation and incentive regulation coexist;(2) The reform is based on the perfecting regulation laws;(3) To form a natural monopoly industry regulatory organizations;(4) the introduction of competition mechanism and the improvement in the system of property rights coexist.Although China has accelerated the pace of natural monopoly industry regulatory reform, but reform in this area is still lagging behind:(1) The enterprise does not separate from the government;(2) Administrative monopoly widely exists;(3) The regulation is absent seriously;(4) The regulation goal can not be achieved because of information asymmetry and regulatory "capture".Because our micro foundation and system conditions in the natural monopoly industry regulation is different from the foreign counties, so we should innovated on the basis of the regulation reform general pattern. We should properly interpret the relationship between property rights and competition,competition and regulation, and can not only use "introducing competition mechanism" to summary public utilities regulatory reform. We should also pay attention to the government, enterprises and legal construction. The regulatory organizations should be set on the principle of independence and legalization; Strive to achieve regulation law and anti-monopoly law cooperating with each other.