The Study On The Ideas Of Hart’s"Amateur Diplomacy"

Hart is a very important person in the history of Chinese and foreign representations in the late Qing Dynasty. He is a British Foreign Office trainee interpreter when he came to China and just a decade would grab the Qing government customs authority. In addition, with his personal capacity and for a good grasp of foreign affairs negotiations, over the next nearly half century, Hart participated in virtually all the major events of the diplomatic negotiations, in the mean time, gradually formed its own system of diplomatic thinking in the long foreign affairs activities, and these diplomatic thinking can guide future behavior of the various foreign affairs.Because of Hart public official position was Secretary General of the Qing government customs, since he holds the customs, no longer served any foreign official diplomatic duties, thus he claimed to have participated in diplomatic activities are "amateur diplomacy". This paper will adopt this statement of his own, the study is Hart’s "amateur diplomacy" ideas.Although Hart leaving a large number of diaries and correspondence data, but these are relatively intimate text was never published. Throughout his life, he only formally published one book, he has written six articles of the collection to the West many of the core journals from1900to1901, the book’s name is "These from the Land of Sinim:Essays on the Chinesequestions". At that time, The book has attracted widespread media attention and controversy in the Western world, For the Boxer Rebellion and the siege of the embassy incident after the West’s policy toward China had an important impact.But one hundred years later, this book is also an important book in order to study diplomatic ideas of Hart. Time anthology of writing and publication of each article, Boxer Rebellion just go to the extreme in China, Qing government laissez-faire and even participate in the Beijing embassy siege powers, after that, the West is full of revenge against the Chinese government, discuss how to resolve china problem: carve up or change dynasties. Hart through his domestic and foreign policy for China’s actual situation analysis and description, Heard through his domestic and foreign policy for China’s actual situation analysis and description, describes what he considers the best way to safeguard the interests of the great powers is to continue to support the rule of the Qing government in China’s ideological and criticized the carve up and change dynasties will bring a lot of harm to the west. In addition, Hart also further discussed their views on China’s reform. In a word, throughout the whole of this anthology, Hart’s diplomatic thinking in which accentuates.This paper reflects hart’s basic ideas about Chinese&foreign representations, this paper reflects the basic ideas about Hart’s Chinese&foreign representations, through its content and meaning combing analysis can further snoop basic content and meaning of Hart’s "amateur diplomacy" ideas. For the research of modern Chinese diplomacy has some significance. This paper mainly through textual analysis "These from the Land of Sinim:Essays on the Chinesequestions ", Combined with some important exchange letters from him and his close friend James Duncan Campbell exchanges were analyzed and summarized for Hart’s "amateur diplomacy" ideas. Further combined with Hart participate diplomatic incident and form an overall grasp of his diplomacy thinking and practice of the progress composition. Expectations at the time of understanding Hart diplomatic thinking, can have a more comprehensive understanding for the late Qing Dynasty and Chinese&foreign representations.