Three People’s Principles And Cultural Movement During The Anti-Japanese War Culture Movement Research

Cultural movement of Three Principles during the anti-Japanese war periodwas launched by the Kuomintang government, aiming to “use the form of culturalmovement to give all citizens a deeper awareness of the Three Principles," instillingthe Principles in people’s mind, and forming a ruling movement of thought that fightfor founding a state spontaneously.The purpose of Three Principles which Kuomintang launched is not only forthe need of war and founding a new sate, but also the results of development andprosperity of anti-Japanese revolutionary base area leading by the Communist Partyand of the influence of widely spreading new democratic culture. Meanwhile, to someextent, the Three Principles of the cultural movement also run through Chiang himselfruling thought and the interest requirement of Kuomintang ideas. In1938, Ye Xiangave a speech in Xi’an and advocated a campaign for the Three Principles culturalmovement for the first time to against the socialist proletarian literature movement.Soon, Chiang Kai-shek also proposed explicitly to carry out a cultural educationcampaign which regarded the three principles as content in the speech of centralTraining Corps and precepts speech in Jiangxi Chung Cheng University, whileXiongShihui set up the Three Principles Institute among the firs in Jiangxi Province,and carried out the Three Principles cultural movement with great fanfare. It hasachieved remarkable results in instilling the KMT mainstream consciousness,unifying thinking, and thereafter affecting the entire national territory.The Central Committee of the Kuomintang cultural movement was designatedas the leading agency for cultural movement in the Eleventh Plenary Session of theFifth, and then set up appropriate institutions to unify activities in the provinces. Inorder to expand the influences of Three Principles, it must reach the"mobilization"and "ideology" and "theorization" and "institutionalization" of the three principles.For the sake of achieving these objectives, the Central Committee organized variouscultural activities, including celebrity lectures, seminars, publishing books andperiodicals, besides it also held a large number of specific campaigns to meet theneeds of war and founding a state of Kuomintang. The other purpose of the Kuomintang who launched the Three Principlescultural movement is to try to control the spread of Marxism to against CommunistParty. For this reason, the CCP had also taken a series of initiatives to response thiscultural movement.On the perspective of nowadays scholars’ evaluation of the Three Principlescultural movement, the cultural policy of it is authoritarian. Overall, this evaluation isappropriate. Delving into cultural movement Three Principles during theanti-Japanese war period, we can find it has positive meaning in some specificactivities, and it can mobilize people in the National Unification District to participatein the Anti-Japanese War, and play as a driving force to enrich the artistic worksduring the war. However, due to its own guidelines on the Three Principles is nolonger pure, and authoritarian arts policy also largely impeded the development ofanti-Japanese culture movement.