Exploration On Legal Regulations Of Budget Adjustment Behavior

To a large extent, the budget adjustment as an important component of budget has a great impact on the regional or national finance level. The reasonability of budget adjustment is closely related to the supervision of supervisory organizations. Inefficient supervision will lead to the arbitrariness of power, which means that the budget will be conducted by an individual or group. While, strict supervision will lead to the redundant procedure, interminable approval process, unrealistic perception of reality, and finally the failure of fiscal behavior because that the capital will be in a lag phase. The budget in China includes four phases: budget establishment, approval, execution and the establishment and approval of final accounts. Being a plan, in order to be in balance budget might need adjustment owing to some unexpected incidents.Along with the fast development of our economy, there appear many problems and risks. The problems are in a large amount especially in the field of budget adjustment owing to the lack of laws and regulations. There are many blind areas of law in budget adjustment, such as the misplacement of the supervision by the government and people’s congress, the misunderstanding of rights and liabilities, and the inefficiencies of supervision. The emergence of these problems and risks endangers the reform and development of national public budget, which need to be solved immediately.Based on the realization of the purpose which is the rational resource allocation of budget adjustment, this paper systematically examines the reasons and problems that induce the deviation from its purpose during the execution of budget adjustment: the unreasonableness of budget establishment, the non-standard of budget execution, the inefficiency of budget supervision, and the imperfection of budget accountability. Budget itself contains the characteristics of macro and micro. Macro lies in that it has the bearing on social livelihood, which needs to be balanced and sustainable, so the adjustment requires skills and laws. But micro lies in that it is specific enough to every receipt and payment and has a close relationship with everyday life, which requires precision. The consequences of complete adjustment or partial adjustment are highly interconnected. Facing the problems of budget adjustment, we should learn procedures and means from foreign countries, such as decentralization and institution separation, incorporation of unified finance and congressional oversight and so on. This paper points out the emphasis and the difficulties of budget adjustment and gives some constructive comments on its standard and supervision, which includes the clarification of its subject and object and supplements of its accountability mechanism. It can perfect the system of budget adjustment and lay a solid foundation for the scientific process of fiscal receipt and payment.