Gorz’s Ecological Marxism And Enlightenment On The Construction Of Ecological Civilization In Our Country

Andre Gorz is one of the main representatives of ecological Marxist. From 1960 s to1970s, European and American capitalist society has undergone profound changes, the ecological crisis sparked people’s widespread concerns about their own problems and reflections on modernity. Gorz gradually formed a distinctive ecology Marxism which has personal characteristics,basing on the thought about social and historical conditions’ changes and new social movements. Around 1970 s, Gorz became an ecological Marxist from an existential Marxist. According to Gorz’s books, we can divide his ecological Marxism into three phases, including the initial formation stage, the systematic stage and maturity stage.The ideological origins of Gorz’s ecological Marxism are diverse. Gorz’s ecological Marxism is influenced by Sutter’s existentialism obvious with a strong humanistic tendency.Overall, Gorz adheres to the basic positions and values of Marxism. Marx’s theory of material transformation directly becomes the theoretical basis of Gorz’s thought. Ecology and the ecological crisis theory of Frankfurt school are both important ideological origins of ecological Marxism.Gorz’s ecological Marxism can be divided into the ecological critique of capitalism and ecological construction of future advanced socialism. Gorz believes that the root of ecological crisis is capitalism, so he makes a sharp criticism of the whole capitalism, including critiques of economic rational, alienation of consumption, division of technology and division of labor.On the basis of the criticism, Gorz advocates the advanced socialism which is leaded by ecological rationality rather than capitalism. With the help of adapting work and technology, "non-class of non-workers" gradually expands autonomous field, revolutionary battlefields which are not confined to production area should expand to all aspects of the politics,economic, culture and so on to establish an dual society which is dominated by autonomous field.Gorz’s ecological Marxism has high theoretical value, it upholds and develops Marxism,strengthen the overall critique of capitalism and build a new socialist development model. Butthere are also obvious historical limitations, he replaces the economic crisis with the ecological crisis, exaggerates the role of alienation of consumption and also has obvious romanticism.Ecological civilization rose to the status of a national strategy to be one of the five of the overall layout at the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, which means our country’s new breakthrough on the position of ecological civilization. In this situation,studying and learning Gorz’s ecological Marxism has important significance for the construction of ecological civilization. We should make full use of advantages of system,abandon some outdated ideas and accelerate China’s transition from industrial civilization to ecological civilization starting from the various areas of development patterns, lifestyles,ideas, etc.