A Study On The Subjects’ Structure Of Public Policy Evaluation

Public policy is an important means of government to deal with social affairs, and increasing attention has been paid to policy evaluation by governments all level correspondingly. The policy evaluation means that the subjects analyze and evaluate policy goals (value), implementation process and results under the condition of our current system, after policy having been implemented for a period of time, and its main function is reflecting the effect of policy implementation and the rights and interests of different interest groups objectively and truly. Currently, diversity of the subjects is not only a kind of objective reality, but also become a consensus in policy evaluation work gradually. This paper argues that subjects of policy evaluation includes government, policy research institute and general public mainly, and regards it as the element which will have key impact on the function of policy evaluation.The article adopts the method of theoretical, empirical and standardize. The paper puts the structure of subjects as the research object, and puts the problem of subjects’ structure as studying-beginning, therefore appropriate subjects’ structure which conforms to the actual environment of policy evaluation is regarded as the research target. First of all, the article selects structuralism, functionalism and stakeholder theory as the basic analytical framework, researching on the subjects’ structure of public policy evaluation. The former provides the research with systemic mind and structure-function logic, the latter provides instrumental value for expounding the social value rationality of participation when government, policy research institute and general public participate in policy evaluation, and provides identifiable ground for defining, dividing and choosing appropriate social public as the subject of policy evaluation. Secondly, this article selects the monitoring and evaluation on the migrants policy of south-to-north Water Diversion (eastern) and the urban houses demolition and resettlement policy of Nanjing as cases, analyzing the problems existing in the current subjects’structure of public policy evaluation and its reason. Finally, this thesis analyze the set of selection indicators system of policy evaluation subject on the basis of researches forementioned, and then build the subjects’ structure on the basis of internal guarantee resources and external constraint conditions primarily. The structure of Government-Oriented and the structure of Policy research institute-Oriented, which are regarded as the best subjects’ structure on paper will be constructed based on the advantages analysis of subjects’ qualification. Actual environment of choosing subject will be defined according to some constraint conditions (mainly policy character), and the paper will select appraisal subjects’ structure which will be match for some kind of policy evaluation according to the actual environment.The innovation of this article is mainly embodied in the following two aspects. First, the article applies structuralism, functionalism and stakeholder theory in the study of public policy evaluation subject, they run through all the paper as academic tool of studying subjects’ structure of China public policy evaluation; Second, the article builds selecting rules of public policy evaluation subject on the basis of internal guarantee resources and external constraint conditions, on the one hand, it sets clear qualification standards of choosing subject of public policy evaluation, on the other hand, it breaks through the scattered state in previous research on the subject qualification, and provides a set of complete analysis framework for choosing the appropriate subject in public policy evaluation, and constructs subjects’ structure of China public policy evaluation,and then the article answers the question of which kind of subject policy evaluation needs.The significance of building subjects’ structure of policy evaluation is probing relationship between different subjects, that is their respective status and role, which will be beneficial for the function of policy evaluation and its subject system, thus providing analysis framework to choose appropriate subject for public policy evaluation, promoting the development of China public policy evaluation smoothly and public policy evaluation scientifically and objectively gradually, ensuring public policy evaluation play an important role in the policy process.