The Research Of Lukacs’ "Socialist Democracy" Thought

George Lukacs is a famous theorist and one of the founders of western Marxism from Hungary. The paper takes George Lukacs’s socialism democratic ideas as the research subject. Based on Lukacs’s socialist democratic representative works of "democracy" for the research of the basic text, combing Lukacs’s other works and the research findings of scholars at home and abroad, it combs and analyzes the socialist democracy thought of Lukacs.By my reckoning, in order to study and understand the socialist democracy thought of Lukacs, firstly you must return to Lukacs, return to history, return to Lukacs original text, and attempts to build their own research framework, from the history and reality, theory and practice, the contradiction unity between the world and China and logic thinking. Then you compare Lukacs socialist democracy thought to Marx’s and Lenin’s, discuss the understanding of Lukacs democratic thought and interpretation, explore its theoretical and practical significance at the present stage in China. In this paper, the research mainly includes the following four aspects:Firstly, it is about the literature of Lukacs thought collection, reading and analysis. Literature statistics show that no matter they are domestic studies or foreign ones about Lukacs, they focuses on Lukacs philosophy aspect. The study of Lukacs socialist democracy thought is relatively less, especially lack of Lukacs systematic research of the socialist democracy thought.Secondly, this paper analyzes the historical background of Lukacs socialist democracy thought process. It includes two aspects:theoretical origin and practical reflection. Firstly, at the time background of international communist, Lukacs’s thought is an attempt to revive the Marxist political theories and reconstruct the discourse system of Marxism; Secondly, Lukacs makes an attempt to reflect the history of eastern European socialist democratic reform practice and criticizes and analyzes the Soviet model and finally obtain some enlightenment of theory and practice.Thirdly, it studies Lukacs’s thought of socialist democracy. It will be Summarized as points:firstly, Lukacs’s democratization thought again. Lukacs opposes that technology and economic decided human society historical development. He argues, democracy is that the most people as the main force promote the development of human society, which is the true intention of socialist democracy. In a socialist society, no matter it is production mode or way of life, it should be democratic. Democracy is the essential attribute of socialism. The socialist democracy need to continue to democratization in practice. Secondly, capitalist democracy is the error of socialist democratic reform options. Capitalist democracy is fraudulent which separates its content from form. Using the methodology of Marxist political and economic, Lukacs analyzes the falsity of capitalist democracy. Capitalist democracy is the alienation of democracy, which is against the development of the people. This not only affects people’s free all-round development, also limits the capitalist society the sustainable development of democratic politics. Thirdly, socialist democratic practices associate with the socialist historical mission. In the international communist movement, some people simplify the socialist as economic production. Lenin once said that socialism is the Soviet plus electrification. They misunderstand this appoint. Lenin’s expression itself actually contains two aspects: the content of the socialist Soviet democracy and Soviet economic development. Lukacs hold the idea that it is reduced to economic problem by some people, that the problem of socialism the socialist tasks are taken simply as economic development. Thus they ignore that the construction of the socialist people "class" is the ultimate goal of self-actualization, namely it will go to the free kingdom from the human kingdom-communist, which is not only a great richness of human material wealth, and greatly improves human realm of spirit and human free and comprehensive development. Fourth, it needs to continuously explore the realization of democratic mechanism to build the construction of socialist democracy. Socialist democracy construction must be based on economic construction and socialist democracy must be combined with economic construction. Only by this will it guarantee the socialist democracy. Lukacs points out: "the construction of socialism is a long-term project. Only when the social practice is consistent with the pure economic activities, will the premise that promotes the development of it be built. Socialist democracy is not a simple development of bourgeois democracy and beyond. The socialist democracy is substantive democracy which is based on public owner ships of the means of production. It politically or economically is a direct negation of capitalist democracy. Through adjusting conflict of interest between people from different social classes, Socialist society gives the people of different classes to political rights, which closely combines the entire social decision with each of the private interests of the masses, and then encourages the broad masses of the people to actively participate in democratic politics. Thus it not only actively exercises their democratic rights, but also can have democracy consciousness to deal with the affairs of daily life with democracy consciousness. Lukacs insists to Marxist ideas about the civil society and country. He thinks that civil society and national unities in the socialist society, that citizen are the master of the country and decided all kinds of things in countries. Therefore, to make socialist democratic politics in a sustainable development path, it is necessarily actively emphasizes the important role of public participation.Fourth, it explores the contemporary significance and the limitations of Lukacs socialist democracy thought. In the process of democratization, Lukacs analyzes and criticizes the new development of capitalism after World War Ⅱ made in-depth and criticism. On the basis of the critique of capitalist, it puts forward the socialist democracy theory with the era significance, which inherits and develops Marxism. Lukacs thinks, capitalist democracy and fair measure is based on Commodity Exchange source and capital strength. Therefore, the capitalist democracy is false and is not a full democracy, only a handful of rich political game, which is at the cost of damage the interest of most people’s democracy. Under the capitalist democracy form, the essence of man is seriously aliened, whose root lies in the development of capitalist commodity economy. Capitalist democracy is "based on the citizens of idealism and the materialism on the antagonism of the bourgeois." In the socialist period, the development of democracy has different meanings and no longer sees interests as the guidance of democracy, nor a group of internal democracy, but rather the overall democracy that involves the interests of the majority democracy. Lukacs analyzes and criticizes the hypocrisy of the capitalist democracy, and makes an aware of socialist democracy, which is of great significance for our contemporary construction of socialist democratization. Lukacs thought about limitations of socialist democracy can emerge from the contradiction of its ideas. Namely Lukacs distinguishes practical politics from theoretical activities, and takes them as jobs with different nature, which will isolate theory from practice. In addition, it is too idealistic and simple about the idea of socialist democracy to operate in practice.