An Analysis On The Employment And Their Affecting Factors Of The Floating Population In Jilin Province

The floating population as a social and economic phenomenon exists in the historyof human development, and played a more prominent role in the period of historicalrevolutions and active economy. Since the reform and opening up, as the main bodyof the floating population, migrant workers shift to urban areas ceaselessly, especiallyin the1990s, China’s population flow faster in a larger scale. China’s "Floatingpopulation in China Development Report2014" released by National Health andFamily Planning Commission shows that by the end of2013, there are245millionmigrants, which is more than1/6of the total national population. In recent years, thenumber of the floating population is increasing in Jilin Province. In the process of thescale expanding of floating population, affected by the relevant institutional factors,they are facing a variety of problems in the cities, the employment problem is moreprominent. Looking for work in the cities and towns, to earn a living, to improve theliving conditions are the most fundamental purposes for the floating populationmigration. For people, especially the floating population, employment security is theguarantee of survival, is the premise to improve the basic living conditions. At present,the status of floating population in cities and towns is low, employment and incomewere not being treated fairly, the existing system cannot protect their legitimate rightsand interests. Based on this, this paper takes "An Analysis on the Employment and itsAffecting Factors of the Floating Population in Jilin Province" as the topic, uses themonitoring data (Jilin province) of floating population in2012to start the analysis.Using the monitoring data of floating population in Jilin Province in2012, andanalyzes the basic characteristics of floating population in Jilin province. As can beseen, the floating population has a large number, they are mainly in young people, thehigh sex ratio and low level of education. The floating population in the provincemainly concentrated in the city that rapid economic development of the city, such as Changchun, Yanbian, Songyuan, Jilin etc. From the household structure distributionof floating population, the floating population tran-provincial of interprovincialmobility are mainly the agricultural accounts. The reasons of floating populationmainly include: economic factors, the degree of satisfaction of residence, the socialmobility enhancement, the preference of lifestyle and the influence of the family.On this basis, further analyze the employment structure and income floatingpopulation of Jilin province, concluded that, in Jilin Province, the labor agepopulation are in a weak position on employment and income in the urban. Thespecific features reflected: in terms of employment status or income level, the men arebetter than the women, the young are better than the older, the non-agriculturalaccounts are better the agriculture accounts, high level of education of the floatingpopulation is better than the low level of education of the floating population.The basic situation of the employment and income level of the floatingpopulation in Jilin province can reflect the affecting factors of the floating populationin Jilin province. This paper argues that the influencing factors of the micro levelincluding the human capital and social capital, among them, the human capital is themain factor of the employment status and income level; The influencing factors of themacro level including the policy and the market factors, the influence of policy ismainly reflected in the aspects of the social security of floating population. While themarket factors is largely due to the obstacles caused by the system, mainly influencethe rational allocation of the floating population in the labor market. Therefore, weshould strengthen the education and training of the rural population, graduallyincrease the employment ability of the rural population. At the same time, furtherdeepening the reform of household registration system and supporting system, andprovide a good policy environment for promoting the employment of the floatingpopulation.