Research On Marx’s Thought Of Distribution According To Work And Its Development And Innovation

Since the 1840 s, Marx began to research the economic problems comprehensively. Distribution, as the core problem of economic category, has received the full attention by Marx. After a long time of researching the assignment problem, Marx gradually formed the ideas of the future society’s distribution problems. The publication of the Critique of the Gotha Programme in 1875 remarked the formal establishment of Marx’s thought of distribution according to work. With the constant historical process of China’s reform and opening-up, a lot of new problems appear in the field of income distribution. Based on Marx’s thought of distribution according to work, this paper analyzes the realization conditions of the principle of distribution according to work which Marx envisioned deeply, expounds the substaintial connotation of distribution according to work systematically, hope to provide the theoretical evidence and policy support to reform and perfect today’s China’s income distribution system.Firstly, this paper expounds the distribution thought of the British classical political economists and the British and French utopian socialists, these thoughts are the theoretical source of Marx’s thought of distribution according to work, that has a important theoretical significance to the establishment process of the thought of distribution according to work. According to the analysis of the British classical political economics’ thought of distribution, Marx revealed the root of capitalist society’s distribution method is determined by the capitalist society’s production method. Meanwhile, Marx researched the British and French utopian socialists’ thought of distribution, pointed out that their ideas cannot being the science, fundamental reason is that they didn’t recognize the difference between the labor and labor force, and the decisive role of ownership of the means of production to mode of distribution. Secondly, based on Marx’s the theory of source of wealth, this paper analyzes the realization conditions of the principle of distribution according to work which Marx envisioned. The principle of distribution according to work which Marx envisioned belongs to the first phase of Communist Society, which is public ownership of the means of production and individual ownership of labour force, the commodity-money relationship has disappeared, individual labor has direct social attribute, the distribution of personal consumer goods by society is on the uniform scale of labor. Thirdly, this paper expounds the main content of distribution according to work, it reflects a new ways of distribution that focuses on the society as the main body, the physical form of personal consumer goods as the object, the certificate of labor as the means, the labor time as the uniform scale. However, Marx also mentioned that, this way of distribution still has some inevitable shortcomings at the same time. Finally, this paper expounds that, the individual income distribution system in today’s China is under the premise of persisting the marxism basic principle, combined with China’s basic national conditions of the primary stage of socialism, which is a developed and innovated distribution method. Individual income distribution system in today’s China always adhere to the distribution according to work as the main body, while combining the distribution according to work and distribution according to production factors at the same time, defining the production factors contribution allocation principles. This new type of distribution system is balancing the efficiency and fairness, and is beneficial to realize the goal of common prosperity.