The Communist Party Of China Estimates The Victory Time Of The Anti-japanese War, The Reasons Of That And The Effective Measures Were Taken In The Moment Of The Victory

After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the Communist Party of China was continuously estimating the victory time of the War. There were many reasons for the influence of the party to make estimates. That the direct purpose of CPC estimated the time was to judge the trend of the war’s development, which in order to take measures to cope with the situation that mought occur, and perpared for the war’s victory ultimately.Early in December 1935, CPC was considered that the Anti-Japanese War would be going to be a lasting war. On July 7, 1937, after the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, CPC reaffirmed that the Anti-Japanese War would be a protracted war. On the basis of summarizing the experience of the war, CPC understood the war increasingly clear. In May 1938, one of leaders of the party MAO Zedong published "on protracted war", in which Mao systematically expounded the theory of that the war of resistance against Japan is a protracted war. From 1939 to 1941, although the international situation was against the Chinese Anti-Japanese War and itself’s life was harder at home, CPC still insisted on the lasting strategy. There were four reasons that CPC did like that:(1) the enemy was mightiness and we were infirmness, Japan little and we big, Japan degenerative and we progressive, Japan lack of help and we well supported;(2) Japanese made full preparations for the war, Chinese scrambled;(3) the consumption of Japanese power in the war;(4) the change of international situation, etc.(1)In January 1942, the International Anti-Fascist Alliance established;(2) Soviet and USA and UK agreed to create a second front in Europe in 1942, for defeating Germany, and the Soviet Union made a optimistic estimation in the Soviet-German war;(3) the difficulties of the Japanese army in the battlefield;(4) the party was encouraging people of China, for throughing the difficult period. Base on these reasons,in 1942, CPC put forward the slogan of "beat Japan next year".The second front failed to open up in the European battlefield, the Allies could not end the war in the Europe in 1942. Therefore, Chinese also could not win over Japan in 1943. CPC had to give up the slogan of "beat Japan in 1943" and made a reassessment to the victory time.From 1944 to August 4, 1945, the party estimated that China couldn’t beat Japan quickly. There were five reasons.(1) The insufficient strength of itself and the rout of the Kuomintang’s army in Yu-Xiang-Gui battle;(2) Japan still had some strength to ready to fight with the Allies.(3) the Soviet until in July or August of 1945 that arrive in China, and the USA and UK allied need some time to come east;(4) CPC was influenced by the factor that American and British estimated the process of the war;(5) the party accepted experiences and lessons that from the overly optimistic in the previous.Althought for the victory time of the war tended to be "conservative" estimate, the party never denied that the victory mought come at any time. In fact, since 1944, CPC positively prepared for the all-out counter-offensive that could come at any time:(1) to launch partial counter-offensives to the Japanese armies, consolidating and expanding the Anti-Japanese base areas;(2) to strengthen the work of logistics support;(3) to strengthen the work of urban and traffic artery;(4) to train the consolidation army and local forces, for improving the capability of its armed forces;(5) to attach importance to the work of enemy-occupied areas;(6) to change the focus of work and the military strategy;(7) to summarize its historical experience, liquidate errors of its history, elect the central collective leadership and establish the guiding ideology of their own. Even on August 4, 1945, CPC also estimated that only in the winter of 1946 the Japanese would be beat. On August 9, the Soviet attacked on the Japanese Kwantung army. CPC‘s central military commission ordered an all-out counterattack to the Japanese army. On August 10, the Japanese government, through Switzerland and Sweden which were neutrals, said they ready to accept the Potsdam Proclamation, and surrender to the Allies. On August 15, Japan broadcasted the emperor ’s The truce letters, declaring unconditional surrender. The victory of the war unexpectedly came quickly, the communist party adopted countermeasures urgently:(1) to command on the overall counter-offensive to the Japanese army, cooperating to the battle of Soviet, USA and UK Allied in China;(2) to boycott the error commands of Kuomintang resolutely, safeguarding national interests;(3) to prepare the power that can deal with the possible outbreak of the civil war;(4) to redeploy and allocate forces and cadres march to the northeast;(5) to capture small-medium cities and the countryside, meanwhile to value the work of big cities;(6) to prepare for negotiations with the Kuomintang actively, as far as possible to stop the outbreak of the civil war, creating a peace for the founding of new nation."There is no foresight where is no leadership, there is no leadership where is no victory." CPC estimated the victory time of the Anti-Japanese War that was it made the prediction about the development trend of the war. CPC foresee effectively of the situation, which to ensure that the correct leadership of it in the war that to assure China achieve the final victory of the war.