Research On The Evolution Of The British Housing Acts

Housing is one of the most basic human needs and an important issue of national economy and people’s livelihood. While there are so many housing problems in our country, for instance,the low-income houses are in want, some of houses are unfit for human habitation, and sandwich classes are overburdened by housing, that is, the legalization of making all the people live in houses more comfortable are the most important issue in our country. In the progress of urbanization, the similar cases have happened in Britain, the Housing Acts helped this country to solve the housing problems in different periods and made a significant contribution to the steady development of the society. It is necessary to study the evolution of the British Housing Acts, explore the regularity and reference the experience with the method of comparative analysis, historical analysis, and normative analysis, this paper studies the evolution of British Housing Acts enacted by the British Parliament and put forward related suggestions.The first part focus on the initial stage of the Housing Acts. After the Industrial Revolution, kinds of housing problems appeared in British, workers’live unfit for human habitat, people can not afford to a dwelling house, the shortage of houses were serious. During the period of 1885 to 1945, the British Parliament enacted 17 acts which contained the purposes of providing houses to the workers, improving the conditions of dwellings and specify the foundation of houses. For these purpose, the acts, including the building system, the distribution system, the subsidy system, the management system of housing were put into effect. As a result, workers’living conditions were improved, the number of houses were increased, and the government began to intervene the housing field.The second part analyzes the development of the Housing Acts. For dea-ling with the shortage of houses caused by the World War Ⅱ and the poor conditions of social housing, the British Parliament enacted 7 new HousingActs from the year of 1945 to 1979. New acts promoted the revolution of the Housing Acts. The purposes of the acts turned from living to living comfortable; The building system were completed, the grants system were instituted and the management system were expanded. To 1979, the shortage of houses caused were eliminated, the conditions of houses were improved.The third part analyzes the modern British Housing Acts. Since 1920s’ the British government were in financial difficulties caused by the sluggish economy, few houses were built while housing fraud appeared, the private housing scale were diminished and more and more foreign immigrants demanded houses. As a result, the British Parliament enacted 12 Housing Acts since 1979, The purposes of these acts were promoting the marketization of housing, guaranteeing the foreign immigrants’housing and protecting the justice of housing. Modern Housing Acts contains the diversity building systems of houses, the legal system of right-to-buy and the system about fair management by the government. As the modernized housing legal system developed, the financial burden lightened, a balanced development arises between the social housing and the private housing, and more and more quality migrants are absorbed.The forth part analyzes the characteristics and the Inspiration of the evolution of British Housing Acts. The basic rule of the British housing law includes:legislation mode of special regulations for special issues, adjusting the regulations timely, the consideration of the operational of the legislation and the systematic of supporting systems,and keeping the legalization of party policy. For reference, the Housing Law contains the system of housing security, regeneration of shantytowns and the housing society needs to established to support the legal systems of housing in our country.