Debating On Constitutional Model Under The Difference On National Policy In The Late Qing Dynasty

Constitutionalist and Revolutionist debated intensely on the choosing constitutional monarchy or Democratic constitution, which influenced the historical process of the period of late Qing Dynasty. Yang Du, as the important deputy of Constitutionalist, whose political proposal about National constitutional Governance are both systemic and perspective. Even though Yang Du had not been involved in the debating between choosing constitutional monarchy or revolution at that time, hecriticize the revolutionaries’" unrealistic " thoughts, due to the different of political thoughts, and his judgment about the political status and national condition. In his thesis "Jintieism" was published, the revolutionariesresponded immediately. Thus, debating began.In the section of introduction, the background of debating between Yang Du and revolutionist is mainly proposed. What is proposed as well is the equality factor in the content of national policy and the historical consequence of constitutional reform, which is the important topic of this thesis.The first part mainly introduces the debating on the definition of nation and National assimilation. The doctrine of defining nations is culture, which is the important medium to achieve National assimilation that is the basis of achieving national equality. The second part mainly introduce the divergence on the national policy. The sovereignty factor in the jurisprudence of emperor could be able to sustain the bound between ethnic minority with Central government.The third part is mainly introduce the divergence on the chosen way to achieve constitutionalism. The political revolution catered for the political status at that time and played an important role to promote the political reform in the late Qing Dynasty. The fourth part mainly introduce the divergence on constitutional model. Though the constituteonal monarchy, which including the constitutional congress and responsibility cabinet, couldn’t success,we can’t deny its important role in the reform of the late Qing Dynasty. The fifth part mainly has carried on the detailed evaluation on both sides of the thoughts, and come to the conclusion that the constitutional monarchyincluding five nationalities has its historical significance.