The Studies Of The Internal Reasons Of The Separation Of East Pakistan And West Pakistan

Bangladesh used to be called East Bengal and East Pakistan successively. In the British colonial period, the west part of the Bengal province of British India has been called West Bengal where Hindu dominated the place. The east part has been called East Bengal where most people were Muslims. After the partition of India, the East Bengal and West Bengal respectively joined Pakistan and India by ballot. Since then, the East Bengal is known as East Pakistan until the civil wars broke out.The attempt of combing the East and West Pakistan to one country is the South Asian Muslim’s risky experiment. The two wings of Pakistan share a common religious culture, but they have inherent differences in the geography, customs, culture, and demographic composition. After the establishment of Pakistan, Pakistan’s central government not only to ignore the differences between the two wings, but formulated and implemented a number of policies, which favoring West wing and give rise to many contradictions between the two wings. The Contradictions between the two wings began with the language problem, followed by political and economical contradiction.This thesis aims to study the reason of the separation between East and West Pakistan by internal factors. On the one hand, in the field of domestic historical research, domestic scholars boil down the reason of the separation between East and West Pakistan to the aspects of diplomacy and war, ignoring the aspects of Pakistani society, culture, and other internal reasons. On the other hand, since my thesis is a master’s thesis, and also since my academic research capacity is limited, the scope of this study should not be too wide. For these two reasons, the thesis does not research on the external season or a combination of external and internal reasons, but research on the internal reason of the separation of East and West Pakistan.Through research, the thesis maintains that the internal reasons of the separation between East and West Pakistan as follows:Firstly, the Pakistan central government made a series of mistake in policy formulation and implementation which intensified two wings’contradiction. Secondly, Pakistan did not establish a stable political system, Bengalis are unable to get their due rights through legal method. Thirdly, headed by the Awami League, the East Pakistan’s national party played a significant role in the fight for Bangladesh’s independence process. Through promoting the nationalism, the Awami League wons the support in the people of East Pakistan. In 1971, Led by Mujib,the Awami League won the national election in Pakistan, but the West Pakistan’s political group which is led by Yahya don’t want lose the power, they banned the Awami League, bloody suppressed the revolt of Bengali. In December 1971, Bengli got the freedom with the help of the Indian army. In January 1972, East Pakistan became the Bangladesh, the two wings of Pakistan is separated.