The Study On American Civilian Officials Professional

At present, although our country’s civil servants professionalization has been established, but in the process of development, there are some problems, such as the definition of position classification is not clear, therefore, based on the reality of our country, it is necessary to perfect our country civil servants professionalization, which also need to learn from the experience of other countries, the U.S. civilian professionalization is mature and quite characteristic in western countries, it is not only influenced by Chinese ancient imperial examination system, but also draws lessons from the British civil service professional, although the British civil service professional established earlier than the United States, but developed slower than the United States, the United States is well known by the practice of the merit system and position classification.To analyze the establishment and perfection of the American civilian professional, which has some reference value for our country to develop and perfect the civil servants professionalization.Based on the relevant literature and the existing laws and regulations of the United States, on the premise of concept definitions,such as the civilian, system, professional, while combs the development of civilian professional,the study is conducted mainly from the United States civil service professional development course, system guarantee and legal basis, management pattern, the civilian job security and behavior constraints, etc, and combining the reality of our country, analyzes the reference of the United States civil service professional. U.S. Civilian professional experienced the early civilian professionalization in "conferring a title by the king"and "spoils system" and professional of ordinary civilian and senior civilian, Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act in 1883 and Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 constitute the civilian professional legal basis, which establish three basic principles,competitive examination and permanent position and neutral politics,permanent position for the American civilian provides job security,the political neutrality of the civil service should be kept intact, the United States civil service is not involved in political struggle, and laws protect the UnitedStates civil service is not affected by political change, competitive examination and implement the merit system of assessment which promote quality and ability of civil officials, while also maintain the government work efficiency and political stability.