Tribalism Traditions And Changes Of The Grassroots Governance In Iraq

The tribe is the oldest and longest social organism in the Middle East, and also the most basic unit of society and a kind of social organization, which is established on the basis of family and clan from the same or similar in blood. In the history of Iraq, the tribe has been playing a central role too and has a deep-rooted impact on the process of its modernization even its grassroots governance. Tribalism, as a historical and original influence factor, On the one hand, through its endogenous blood ties bring a spirit of loyalty and solidarity, to building a modern society in Iraq. On the other hand, however, the values of the small community and extremist which are dominated by the tribal complex, weaken the sense of national identity, disturb the social order of grassroots governance, hinder and limit the smooth development of Iraq’s modernization. Thus it can be seen, tribal factors are in fact a double-edged sword for grassroots governance in Iraq, and shaping the choice of the government in the mode and path of the grassroots governance.This article is divided into three parts:foreword, main text and conclusion to discuss the content of the above. From introduces the origin and significance to focuses on the tribe structure, characteristics, management pattern and the cultural logic behind the tribe and tribalism. In order to better understand, then take a typical tribal murder case in Iraq’s Anbar province for example, to describe and do a microscopic investigation on the process of operation of grassroots governance. Finally settled in the analysis of the tribalism tradition and the interaction between the Iraqi national grassroots governance, to explore the profound influence of tribalism in the process of change on the governance of Iraqi society., trying to understand the logic and direction of grassroots governance from the root system of a society. In history the Iraqi government from began as forcing oppression to suppress the tribal existence and the tribalism in its role in grassroots governance curiosity turned to understand the tribal traditions and its connotation, learn from the tribal spirit for instance loyalty, unity and freedom, reconciliation, then eventually establish the principle of "Opposition-Balanced "between tribes and state on the basis of modern grassroots governance system, promoting the harmony development of Iraqi society. This study is the choice from the tribal traditions as its point of view to open the secret door of the change of governance model in Iraq. Exploring how the traditional tribal system affects the coexistence and interaction between the two, find the logical root of the changes of grassroots governance in Iraq.