Research On The Development Of Higher Education In Morocco

The kingdom of Morocco is located in the northwest of Africa, is one of the Maghreb countries, the country’s politics,economics,cultures and technologies occupies a very prominent position in north Africa and even the whole of African countries. The Moroccan government attaches great importance to the development of education, adheres to priority of education development strategy, and which is regraded as the foundation of national development.Education as a long-term social phenomenon of human activities,its development and change is always accompanied by the social and historical development process.Moroccan education, especially higher education reform and development compared with other African countries in the same period,there are both have similarities and also shows its unique characteristics and phased of development path. The similarities are mainly reflected before the western colonial, the African countries had been emerged imparting profound knowledge places and institutions,and had a preliminary of development. In the modern time, the African countries’higher education were emerged in the alien colonial rule,the lack of national sovereignty and the decline of traditional culture. The contemporary age,especially the new century,in the economic globalization and internationalization of higher education wave, the African countries begin to carry out a series of reforms of higher education in their countries and are all face with many problems and challenges.However, the reform and development of Moroccan higher education has its distinct characteristics and unique development path.The reform and development of higher education in Morocco has experienced four stages,namely pre-colonial, colonial, post colonial period and the new century, in which each development stage shows unique characteristics. In the pre-colonial,higher education in ancient Moroccan society had appeared, this time due to the influence of the Arabic-Islamic culture,Morocco higher education showed obvious "religious" feature.The colonial period, Morocco became a French protectorate,due to the colonial government education system for input,this period became the beginning of the development of Morocco modern higher education,showed a strong "transplanted" feature.The post colonial period,namely Morocco from independence in1956until the end of twentieth Century, in order to get rid of the influence of French colonial education,restore Moroccan Arab-Islamic identity, Morocco government rosed an educational Arabization campaign, this period showed Moroccan higher education’s "Arabization"feature.The new century, in the tide of global higher education reform and the influence of internationalization of higher education,Moroccan government also conduct in-depth reform of higher education,and gradually move towards the road of internationalization of higher education,Moroccan higher education for twenty-first Century showed a "internationalization" features.in this thesis, make the developing country-Morocco’s higher education as a case, examine the generation of traditional Islamic education in Morocco; and at the colonial period, the French is how to migrate the country’s education system to Morocco; after the independence, what measures to took to get rid of the impact of the French education system and established the modernization of native higher education; at last, the thesis discuss the Moroccan higher education’s international trends and issues and future development.